All color code in android

Tek Eye

How does color work in Android? An Android color is a 32-bit integer value consisting of four eight bit parts (4×8=32). The four parts are tagged ARGB. This is the amount of Red, Green and Blue in the color, plus how opaque (see through) it is, called the Alpha value, the lower the alpha value the more transparent the color appears. (Note that in British English color is spelt colour.) This article shows how to set a color in Android and provides some demo code to try out.

(This Android color tutorial assumes that Android Studio is installed, a basic app can be created and run, and the code in this article can be correctly copied into Android Studio. The example code can be changed to meet your own requirements. When entering code in Studio add import statements when prompted by pressing Alt-Enter.)

Changing Colors in Android and Naming Them for Convenience

The alpha value is the highest (first) byte in the 32-bit value, followed by the red, then green and finally the blue byte. Hence it is referred to as an ARGB value with each letter representing the type and order of the byte. This format allows for easy representation as a hexadecimal number in Java. Add this code to the basic starting app at the bottom of the onCreate in the MainActivity.java (the TextView displaying Hello World! is given the ID of textView):

The three byes representing the color values provide over 16 million color possibilities in Android (256 x 256 x 256 = 16,777,216). A color depth better than the human eye (stated in the Wikipedia article). Plus all these colors can range from transparent (completely see through when alpha is 0), to opaque (completely solid when alpha is 255).

Named Color Resources in Android

To help with handling colors in Android they can be made into a resource for easy reuse. Either open an existing resource file or create a new one. In the Android Studio project there should be a colors.xml file in the res/values folder. In colors.xml add a definition for the required color, Lime is defined here as an example:

(Note: To add a new resource first select the app in the Project explorer file. Then use the File or context menu, usually right-click, then the New option and select Android resource file. A color resource does not need to be stored in colors.xml, other file names can be used.)

Use getColor() to read the color value from the resource:

If the color is solid (full alpha value) then the color resource can leave the alpha value out. Though for clarity and future maintenance it is wise to be explicit and always define all four parts of an Android color:

The use of a named color in a resource file is handy when dealing with common colors (such as the standard HTML named web colors, i.e. CSS colors, or X Window System and SVG color names). A resource file can be created to define the common colors for an app. Here is a resource file to use the HTML/CSS color names in Android code:

Then just use them as required:

Referencing Colors in Android XML Layouts

To reference an Android color resource in an XML layout simple use @color/name_of_color, the same way other resources are referenced, such as strings:

Accessing Android System Color Resources

Are there predefined colors in Android? Yes, there are existing color resources, but not many. Also Google does not recommend using certain system resources as they are not guaranteed to stay the same in future releases, or even be there. You can browse the Android color resources in an app project. Select Packages at the top of the Project explorer in Studio. Expand the Libraries and android, in the R.class view the items in class color. There are resources such as R.color.black and R.color.holo_purple. The full list is also available in the R.color developer documentation. To access these resources you need the package qualifier, as in @android:color/black. In code add android before the R:

Note that the Android color resources starting holo are not available on versions of Android prior to API level 14 (Ice Cream Sandwich).

The Android Color Class

There is a helper class in Android that has functions to ease the generation of color values from individual alpha, red, green and blue components, from strings and from Hue, Saturation and Value (HSV), and back again. The Color class defines a limited range of static colors, e.g. Color.YELLOW, see the Android developer documentation for full information on the Color class:

Android Color class static constants: BLACK, BLUE, CYAN, DKGRAY, GRAY, GREEN, LTGRAY, MAGENTA, RED, TRANSPARENT, WHITE, YELLOW

Color class methods: HSVToColor, RGBToHSV, alpha, argb, blue, colorToHSV, green, parseColor, red, rgb

Android Oreo Introduced ColorSpace

Android Oreo (API 26) introduce advanced color models that go beyond the previous RGB model, e.g. CMYK (the cyan, magenta, and yellow key format). For most apps the RGB colors are fine. However, for specialised applications the new models may be required. See the article Enhancing Graphics with Wide Color Content and the ColorSpace documentation on Android Developers.

For wide color support the Color class was expanded to provide 64 bit color values. Existing methods now come with support for long, and the new methods are: colorspace, convert, getColorSpace, getComponent, getComponentCount, getComponents, getMaxValue, getMinValue, getModel, isInColorSpace, isSrgb, isWideGamut, luminance, pack, toArgb

Changing Text Color in Android

Use the textColor attribute to modify the color of text when it is defined in an XML layout:

Android Color Codes Example Project

To see all the above Android color hexadecimal codes and named colors in action use the color test demo project. Here are examples of the above in action:

Download color-test.zip, extract it to a folder on your development PC and import it into Android Studio. This sample Android colors project is also available from the Tek Eye Android Example Projects page, where further details on importing a sample project into Studio is provided.

Adding a Color Picker to an App

If you need to add the ability to configure a color for a setting in an app it is easily done. The Android SeekBar can be used for a quick and easy color picker, drop four SeekBars onto a layout, one for each component of a color (only three are needed if you do not want to change the transparency). Use the methods from the Color class to combine the SeekBar outputs into the color value. Here’s one in action:

An article on building the above color picker is available in the Android Color Picker Tutorial. That tutorial also covers the color picker available in the original Android API Demos app. The API Demos project was in the pre-Androud Studio versions of the Android Software Development Kit (SDK). In API Demos the color picker is in ColorPickerDialog.java.

There are also plenty of other Android color pickers available, with full source, on GitHub, simply search for Android color picker.

And Finally.

What is the color of the Android Robot? Android green is 0xA4C639.

Summary

Storing ARGB color values in an Android resource files, e.g. #FFFF0000 , makes it easy to remember the color values for Views in Layouts. The names are easier to remember than hex strings. There is a Color helper class available to help with color conversion and value extraction. Several free color picker Views are available to add color selection functionality to apps.

See Also

• Download the code for this example, available in color-test.zip
• An Android Color Picker Tutorial with example source code and project.
• See Color State List Resource for information on changing colors in Views on different states.
• See the Android Studio example projects to learn Android app programming.
• For a full list of all the articles in Tek Eye see the full site Index.

Acknowledgements

Author: Daniel S. Fowler Published: 2013-04-15 Updated: 2017-11-26

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Класс android.graphics.Color

В графике важную роль играет цвет, который представлен классом Color. Класс Color содержит несколько констант и методов для конвертации и извлечения цветового компонента.

Цвета можно описывать четырьмя числами в формате ARGB, по одному для каждого канала(Alpha, Red, Green, Blue). Каждый из каналов является восьмибитным целым числом и может принимать значения от 0 до 256. Обычно цвет упаковывают в 32-битное целое число. Стоит отметить, что использовать целые числа для цветов эффективнее, чем экземпляры класса Color.

Если все значения RGB-каналов установить равными 0, то получим чёрный цвет, если присвоить значения 255, то получим белый цвет.

Иногда значения указываются не в десятичной форме, а в шестнадцатеричной от 00 до FF, вместо 0 и 255. В этом случае обычно пишут не ARGB, а AARRGGBB. Например, красный цвет в данном формате будет равен FFFF0000 (AA = FF, RR = FF, GG = 00, BB = 00).

Для создания цвета можно использовать статические константы класса Color, например:

Таких констант немного, только для основных цветов.

Получить красную, зелёную и синюю составляющую цвета можно через методы red(), green, blue(). Получить нужный цвет из набора компонентов можно через методы rgb() и argb(), которые вернут вам int-значение цвета.

Метод parseColor() позволяет получить int-значение из шестнадцатеричной формы.

Лучше задавать цвет в ресурсах для большей гибкости. Всегда можно будет поменять в случае необходимости без вмешательства в код программы:

В коде можно обратиться к цвету следующим образом:

Создадим простейший пример для просмотра цветов.

Код для активности:

Запустив проект, вы можете выбирать из выпадающего списка нужный цвет, чтобы закрасить им фон LinearLayout.

Кроме стандартной цветовой модели RGB используется также Цветовая модель HSV

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Material Theming with MDC: Color

Color theming on Android using the MDC library

Material Theming is a way to customize Material Components to align with your brand. A Material theme includes color, typography and shape parameters which you can adjust to get near-infinite variations of the components — all while maintaining their core anatomy and usability.

On Android, Material Theming can be implemented using the Material Components (MDC) library, from version 1.1.0 onwards. If you’re looking to migrate from the Design Support Library or MDC 1.0.0 , take a look at our migration guide.

Migrating to Material Components for Android

From Design Support Library 👉 MDC 1.0.0 👉 MDC 1.1.0 and beyond

This article will be focusing on color theming.

Color attributes

Material Design provides 12 color “slots” that make up the overall palette of your app. Each of these have a design term (eg. “Primary”) along with a corresponding color attribute that can be overridden in your app theme (eg. colorPrimary ). There are default “baseline” values for both your light theme and dark theme.

Material Components use these color attributes to tint elements of the widgets.

They are applied with eg.

in layouts and widget styles.

You might recognise some of these color attributes like colorPrimary . That’s because a few of them are inherited from AppCompat and the platform, while the rest have been newly introduced by MDC. The table below illustrates the origin of each attribute.

Picking colors

Figuring out which color values to use for each slot may be the responsibility of a designer, or derived from your product’s brand. However, it’s still useful to know about the role of each color, the relationship between them, and how to meet accessibility requirements:

• colorPrimary and colorSecondary represent the colors of your brand
• colorPrimaryVariant and colorSecondaryVariant are lighter or darker shades of your brand colors
• colorSurface is used for “sheets” of material (like cards and bottom sheets)
• android:colorBackground is the window background color of your app
• colorError is, as the name suggests, for errors and warnings
• The various “On” colors ( colorOnPrimary , colorOnSecondary , colorOnSurface , etc.) are used to tint foreground content (such as text and icons) displayed on top of the other colors. They need to meet accessibility requirements and have sufficient contrast against the colors they’re displayed on.

Color tools

Material Design provides useful tools for previewing colors and determining suitable variants and “On” colors:

• Material color tool : Get light/dark variants of your primary and secondary colors as well as the appropriate “On” color. Preview how these will look in sample screens.
• Material palette generator : Generate a full tonal palette (shade 50–900) for a color. Get suggestions of complementary, analogous, and triadic colors.

Things to consider

• You almost always want to override colorPrimary , colorSecondary and their variants, unless your brand happens to use the exact same purple/teal hex values as the baseline Material Theme.
• You don’t have to override all colors. Some, such as colorSurface , use neutral colors so relying on the default values is perfectly fine.
• If your brand does not define any kind of secondary or accent color, it’s ok to use a single color for both colorPrimary and colorSecondary . The same can be said of variants (eg. colorPrimary and colorPrimaryVariant could be the same).
• Despite being separate attributes, there’s an inherent link between a color, its variant (if one exists) and its “On” color (eg. colorPrimary , colorPrimaryVariant and colorOnPrimary ). Overriding one means checking the others to see if they make sense and meet accessibility requirements.

Additional color slots

Your design system may call for additional color slots outside of the 12 that Material Theming specifies. Thankfully this is relatively easy to do on Android by declaring a color attr:

Color resources

Color values are defined as resources. For custom colors we recommend two approaches to help separate concerns, and create a single source of truth for color theming values in your app:

• Store all s in a single res/values/colors.xml file
• Use literal names for s that describe the value as opposed to assigning semantic meaning:
• Doing so encourages the use of ?attr/ references when using colors, which is a recommended approach for supporting dark themes
• Use names like green_500 or brand_name_yellow
• Avoid semantic names like color_primary

Overriding colors in an app theme

Let’s take a look at how you can add your chosen color palette to your app theme by overriding relevant attributes.

First, we recommend setting up your theme(s) to gracefully handle light and dark color palettes while reducing repetition with base themes. For more on this topic, take a look at Chris Banes’ article on dark theme as well as the “Developing Themes with Style” talk given by him and Nick Butcher.

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