Android mobile phone operated home automation

Home Automation using Bluetooth and Mobile App

Microcontroller needs to get 3 sequential characters to update the status of relays. That is
1. Start character (A)
2. Relay ID ( 0 to 8)
3. ON OFF Status (1 or 0)

When the microcontroller receives ‘A’ it will start a timer and wait for next two characters. It will update ‘t’ and ‘st’ global variables depending on next two characters. So the main program will update relay status depending on it.

If the microcontroller not receiving next two characters.. timer will overflow and timer interrupt will get generated. This will reset the counter and microcontroller again waits for next start character.

Android App

• Bluetooth Home Automation: Mobile bluetooth will connect to HC-05 bluetooth through this app to control the home appliances.

Below table indicates the commands sent via Bluetooth.

Commands	Operations
A00	All OFF
A01	All ON
A10	Relay 1 OFF
A11	Relay 1 ON
A20	Relay 2 OFF
A21	Relay 2 ON
A30	Relay 3 OFF
A31	Relay 3 ON
A40	Relay 4 OFF
A41	Relay 4 ON
A50	Relay 5 OFF
A51	Relay 5 ON
A60	Relay 6 OFF
A61	Relay 6 ON
A70	Relay 7 OFF
A71	Relay 7 ON
A80	Relay 8 OFF
A81	Relay 8 ON

• Here you can download the Android App – BT Automation.

Practical Implementation of Circuit

Working

The home automation circuit is built around PIC 16F876A Microcontroller, Android App, Bluetooth module HC-05 and a 8-channel relay board. Bluetooth has a range of 10-15 meters, so that you can switch ON and OFF any electronic appliance within the range.

First install the app, it will automatically ask permission to switch on the Bluetooth of mobile phone and connect that to Bluetooth module HC 05 which located with appliance controlling part.

Here Bluetooth App operates in Control Mode and HC-05 module operates as a receiver. App Passes the commands to HC-05 RX module in order to control the home appliances.

Commands are sent to PIC 16F876A microcontroller via HC-05 Bluetooth module. PIC 16F876A microcontroller analyses the received commands from HC-05 and generates outputs at output port.

Output of PIC 16F876A microcontroller is connected load unit i.e., home appliances via driver IC 2803 and relay unit. Driver drives the respective load for the respective received command via relay as a switching unit.

Software used: MikroC compiler
Language: Embedded C

Advantages

• It is a robust and easy to use system.
• There is no need for extra training of that person who is using it.
• All the control would be in your hands by using this home automation system.
• This project can provide the facility of monitoring all the appliances with in the communication range through Bluetooth.
• Bluetooth controlled industrial devices using Android mobile is automatic versatile system.

Bottom Layer

Component Layout – Top

Video

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Bluetooth based home automation system using android phone

In the past few years there are so many inventions in the field of consumer electronics such as cellular phone, air conditions, home security devices and home theaters. All these appliances can be easily controlled by a single controller, using personal area network in a home environment. Busy environment and personal limitation the market is going towards the home automation and networking and Bluetooth is an ideal solution for this purpose. In buildings, temperature and other electronic devices can be easily controlled by home automation but high degree of computer work is involved. This report demonstrates a simple home automation system which consists of remote mobile, host controller, and several home appliances. The client module can communicate with host controller through a wireless device such as Bluetooth.

The overview of this report is shown in Fig 1

Table of Contents

Home Automation system using Bluetooth

Automation is also involved in building management system in which lights, temperature, security devices and other appliances are controlled through a high degree of computer involvement. In this report, all the devices which are used in building management system are control by a single controller using a wireless network .Client module and host controller are used to communicate with each other through a wireless device such as Bluetooth enabled the mobile phone. In this report, an android based smart phone is used. Home automation is not a new thing but the advanced automation system in nowadays require a big and expensive infrastructure. In this report, we have proposed a low cost, flexible secure automation system that can easily control TV, tube lights and fans from android based mobile phone using Bluetooth. Here HC-05 Bluetooth module and 8-bit microcontroller atmel89s52 is used for switching. This board has 32 digital input and outputs ports.

BLOCK DIAGRAM of Bluetooth based Home Automation

In this block diagram microcontroller is programmed in C language and used to turn on and off the appliances, which are connected through relays, when we send the commands through Bluetooth from a mobile phone. A feedback circuit is also designed and implement to check the current status of the device after it receives the command from mobile phone. Once the command has sent to turn on the device, then the feedback circuit first check the current status then send the command to turn on and the circuitry led indicates the turn on device, otherwise the device indicate the malfunctioning that the command was not executed successfully. The communication is done one by one at one time in both direction between the android mobile phone and Bluetooth module. This communication is called half duplex. The feedback circuit is run at 220 V.

Component of Android phone based home automation system

In this circuit diagram AT89c52 microcontroller is used which consist of CPU, RAM, ROM, timers and input, outputs ports .It is just like a computer only difference is the memory and also no need to use any microprocessor to make any function. The AT89c52 is low power, high performance 8 bit microcontroller with 8k bytes programmable flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard 80c51 instruction set pin output. Three relays RL1, RL2 and RL3 are connected to the microcontroller through the print circuit board for controlling the home appliances. you can check relay interfacing with microcontroller to know more about it. Relay driver circuit ULN2003 is used to drive relays.

BLUETOOTH MODULE (HC-05)

For the communication between mobile phone and microcontroller Bluetooth module is used, because the microcontroller can’t do all this work itself. Hc-05 module is used for this purposes, which is low power 1.8 v operation, PIO control with integrated antenna, edge connector and is easy to use with Bluetooth SPP (serial port protocol).This is designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup. Serial port Bluetooth module have a Bluetooth 2.0+EDR (enhanced data rate), 3Mbps modulation with complete 2.4GHZ radio transceiver and baseband. Using Bluetooth profile and android platform architecture different type of Bluetooth applications can be developed.

SWITCHES: Switches are used to make and break the electrical circuit. There are so many types of switches, some are mechanically and some are electrically operated such as SPDT, SPST, DPST, DPDT etc. you can check push button interfacing article to use it in your microcontroller based project.

RELAYS: Relay is basically an electromagnetic switch which can be turn on and off by an applying the voltage across its contacts. In this project, we used a 6 volts relay.

POWER SUPPLY:

In this project 5 volt 700 mA Samsung charger is used for giving the power to the circuit and made of switch mode power supply.

SOFTWARE for Android-based Home Automation

PROTEUS: For the designing of this project with hardware component proteus software is used, which is fast, accurate, flexible and high performance simulator for MIMD multiprocessor. This can be reproduced the results from real multiprocessor and configured to simulate a wide range of architecture. you can watch Proteus video tutorials here.

KEIL:For converting the C language in HEX file Keil software is used which can easily burn in microcontroller.

ANDROID APP: It is mobile operating software developed by google based on Linux kernel and is used in touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.it have a so much human interference and in this project we have used it for home automation to control the home appliances.

ADVANTAGES

• It is a robust and easy to use system.
• There is no need for extra training of that person who is using it.
• All the control would be in your hands by using this home automation system.
• This project can provide the facility of monitoring all the appliances with in the communication range through Bluetooth.
• By using this system the users can check the status of the appliances at whatever time of the day
• Manual control is also given in this project so the unskilled person can easily change the status.

DISADVANTAGES

• Bluetooth is used in this home automation system, which have a rage 10 to 20 meters so the control cannot be achieved from outside this range.
• Application is connected after disconnect of the Bluetooth.
• when the new users want to connect the first download application software then the code and configuration must be done

Code of Android-based home automation system

I recommend you to write your own code for android based home automation system using any microcontroller you like to use. you can use GSM, ZIGBEE and any other wireless communication in your project. I recommend you to use microcontroller which has more built-in features so that you don’t have to use more external circuitry. I recommend you to write your own code. But if you want to purchase code, contact me through my email: [email protected]

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Android Based Home Automation Systems and Its Applications

The ideas related to automation of tasks were in existence during the time of Greeks and after that as well, and during the industrial revolution, automation systems were developed. The home automation system is nothing but a term used to describe the working of all household appliances. A centrally controlled LCD touchscreen panel is the best example of a home automation system as it is used to control the appliances like air conditioners, heaters, security systems, video systems, audio systems, home theatre installations, kitchen appliances, and lighting systems.

Introduction to Home Automation Systems

In the present time, the technologically advanced world is getting more and more advance as new technology is penetrating deeper into our personal lives even in our homes as well. The home automation system is becoming very popular around the world. Home automation is used to control and monitor electronic security systems, lighting, climate, appliances, audio or video equipment, etc. Home automation is the residential extension of building automation, and it is an automation of the home, housework, or household activity. The benefits of automation are that it is secure and saves money, time, maintenance costs, and makes life easier. Home automation devices include X10, Insteon, UPB, Z-wave, Crestron, Lurton-RA, PLC, etc.

Home automation systems are categorized into the following three types depending upon the type of wired or wireless controllers:

• Power Line Based Home Automation
• Wired or Bus Cable Home Automation
• Wireless Home Automation

Home Automation Using Android

Generally, in today’s modern world human beings are addicted to using modern equipment. This project intends to make an Android OS based smartphone or tablet workable for controlling every appliance of industries or households. There are several Android applications available in the market to turn our Android-based smartphone or tablet into a remote control for our home. If we want to control a system at home or want to get started, we need an INSTEON controller and also INSTEON controllable devices. In addition to this, we need to install different Android applications for home automation. Some of these Android applications are INSTEON Hub, MobiLinc, Conductor, wdISY, Touch Switch, Auto HTN Vera, etc.

For a better and simple understanding of this concept, this project for home automation with Android application is handy:

Hardware Requirements

• 8051 series microcontroller
• Optoisolator
• Transformer
• TRIAC
• Voltage Regulator
• Crystal
• Diodes
• Resistors
• Capacitors
• Lamps
• Push-button
• Bluetooth Device

Software Requirements

• Android Application
• Keil Software
• Embedded C or Assembly language

Home Automation Using Android Project

Project Description

The power supply consists of four stages: transformer, rectification, smoothing, and regulation. In the first stage, the transformer steps down the AC voltage within the range of 12v. In the second stage, a bridge rectifier is used to convert an AC input into a DC output. In the smoothing stage, AC ripples are removed with the help of a capacitor, and in the regulator stage, a regulator IC is used to regulate the power supply as per the requirement of the circuit.

Android Based Home Automation Project Kit

In recent years, technology is advancing and houses are becoming smarter by gradually shifting from conventional to centralized switches. Conventional switches are located in different places in the house. These switches are difficult to operate for the users and especially for physically handicapped people as they are difficult for them to approach and operate. Android

technology-based remote-controlled system provides a simple solution to home automation.

In this project, a microcontroller is used from the 8051 families, and the loads are interfaced with the 8051 microcontrollers by using TRIACs and Opto-Isolators. The remote operation is achieved through any Android smartphone with a Graphical User Interfaced based touch screen operation. GUI is nothing but a type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through visual indicators and graphical icons. These can be found in mp3 players, gaming devices, industrial equipment, and household appliances. To achieve this, the Android smartphone acts as a transmitter and sends on or off commands to the receiver where loads are connected. So, by using wireless technology, we can operate the remote switch on the transmitter and the loads can be turned on or off remotely.

Applications of Home Automation

• Home automation system with security by Using Microcontroller
• Home automation System Based on Touch Screen
• The android-based home automation system
• DTMF based home automation system
• GSM Based home automation system
• Arduino Based home automation system
• Home automation and security system based on sensor
• PIC Microcontroller based designing of home automation and security system
• Wi-Fi-based home automation system design and implementation
• Implementing digital and computerized mobile home automation system for a security system and electric appliances
• Android ADK based home automation and security system
• Home automation system with Bluetooth
• Home appliance controlling using handled devices through spoken commands
• Home automation system based on RTOS using Android
• Home automation Wireless Sensor Network based on Zigbee
• Voice Control System for smart home based on Zigbee

Thus, the practical example is given above best describes a home automation system which is an Android-based home automation system. In addition to this, the above paragraph provides a list of some of the project ideas of home automation systems as well. It is possible to develop the home automation system by using different technologies such as Arduino, Zigbee, GSM, WiFi, DTMF, and by using different controllers like PLC, SCADA, etc. We hope that you might have received some deep insights about this topic and a better understanding of such automation systems or android based projects. Furthermore, give your valuable suggestions and feedback in the comment section below.

Photo Credits:

• Home Automation Systems by rbgrant
• Home Automation System by rent-a-techie
• Home Automation using Android by cultofandroid

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