Apple production by country

Apple production in China 2010-2020

Apple production volume in China from 2010 to 2020 (in million metric tons)

Characteristic	Production in million metric tons
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Global Apple Market Overview 2021

Apple Market Size

In 2020, after four years of growth, there was significant decline in the global apple market, when its value decreased by -X% to $X. Over the period under review, the total consumption indicated a perceptible expansion from 2007 to 2020: its value increased at an average annual rate of +X% over the last thirteen-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2020 figures, consumption increased by +X% against 2015 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2011 when the market value increased by X% y-o-y. Over the period under review, the global market reached the peak level at $X in 2019, and then dropped in the following year.

Apple Production

In value terms, apple production shrank to $X in 2020 estimated in export prices. Overall, the total production indicated perceptible growth from 2007 to 2020: its value increased at an average annual rate of +X% over the last thirteen-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2020 figures, production increased by +X% against 2007 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2011 with an increase of X% y-o-y. Over the period under review, global production reached the peak level at $X in 2019, and then declined in the following year.

China (X tonnes) remains the largest apple producing country worldwide, accounting for X% of total volume. Moreover, apple production in China exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, the U.S. (X tonnes), ninefold. The third position in this ranking was occupied by Turkey (X tonnes), with a X% share.

In China, apple production increased at an average annual rate of +X% over the period from 2007-2020. The remaining producing countries recorded the following average annual rates of production growth: the U.S. (+X% per year) and Turkey (+X% per year).

In 2020, the global average apple yield fell modestly to X tonnes per ha, waning by -X% on the previous year. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +X% from 2007 to 2020; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The global yield peaked at X tonnes per ha in 2019, and then declined slightly in the following year. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2020, the global apple harvested area contracted modestly to X ha, standing approx. at the previous year. In general, the harvested area showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2010 with an increase of X% y-o-y. The global harvested area peaked at X ha in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2020, the harvested area remained at a lower figure.

Production By Country

China (X tonnes) remains the largest apple producing country worldwide, comprising approx. X% of total volume. Moreover, apple production in China exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, the U.S. (X tonnes), ninefold. The third position in this ranking was occupied by Turkey (X tonnes), with a X% share.

From 2007 to 2020, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume in China amounted to +X%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: the U.S. (+X% per year) and Turkey (+X% per year).

Apple Exports

Exports

In 2020, the amount of apples exported worldwide dropped to X tonnes, which is down by -X% compared with the previous year. Over the period under review, exports saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 with an increase of X% y-o-y. Global exports peaked at X tonnes in 2016; however, from 2017 to 2020, exports failed to regain the momentum.

In value terms, apple exports stood at $X in 2020. The total export value increased at an average annual rate of +X% from 2007 to 2020; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2011 when exports increased by X% y-o-y. Over the period under review, global exports attained the maximum at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2020, exports remained at a lower figure.

Exports by Country

China (X tonnes), Italy (X tonnes), the U.S. (X tonnes), Poland (X tonnes), South Africa (X tonnes), France (X tonnes), Chile (X tonnes) and New Zealand (X tonnes) represented roughly X% of total exports of apples in 2020. Turkey (X tonnes), the Netherlands (X tonnes), Moldova (X tonnes), Serbia (X tonnes) and Belgium (X tonnes) took a minor share of total exports.

From 2007 to 2020, the biggest increases were in Turkey, while shipments for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest apple supplying countries worldwide were China ($X), Italy ($X) and the U.S. ($X), together accounting for X% of global exports. New Zealand, Chile, France, South Africa, Poland, the Netherlands, Serbia, Belgium, Turkey and Moldova lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further X recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of exports, among the main exporting countries over the period under review, while shipments for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

In 2020, the average apple export price amounted to $X per tonne, growing by X% against the previous year. Over the last thirteen-year period, it increased at an average annual rate of +X%. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2008 an increase of X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, average export prices attained the peak figure in 2020 and is likely to see gradual growth in the near future.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2020, the country with the highest price was New Zealand ($X per tonne), while Moldova ($X per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2020, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by China, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Apple Imports

Imports

For the third year in a row, the global market recorded decline in supplies from abroad of apples, which decreased by -X% to X tonnes in 2020. Overall, imports, however, showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2015 when imports increased by X% year-to-year. Over the period under review, global imports reached the peak figure at X tonnes in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2020, imports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, apple imports totaled $X in 2020. The total import value increased at an average annual rate of +X% over the period from 2007 to 2020; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2008 when imports increased by X% y-o-y. Global imports peaked at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2020, imports failed to regain the momentum.

Imports by Country

The purchases of the twelve major importers of apples, namely Germany, Russia, Egypt, the UK, Bangladesh, India, the Netherlands, Spain, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia and Hong Kong SAR, represented more than third of total import. Canada (X tonnes) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2007 to 2020, the biggest increases were in Egypt, while purchases for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Germany ($X), the UK ($X) and Russia ($X) were the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2020, with a combined X% share of global imports. These countries were followed by Egypt, Thailand, the Netherlands, Bangladesh, the Philippines, Indonesia, Hong Kong SAR, India, Canada and Spain, which together accounted for a further X terms of the main importing countries, Bangladesh recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The average apple import price stood at $X per tonne in 2020, increasing by X% against the previous year. Over the last thirteen-year period, it increased at an average annual rate of +X%. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2008 when the average import price increased by X% y-o-y. Global import price peaked in 2020 and is expected to retain growth in the near future.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest price was Thailand ($X per tonne), while Russia ($X per tonne) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2020, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Philippines, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

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Could Apple’s next iPhones be made in the USA?

Apple supplier Foxconn reportedly mulling $7 billion investment in U.S. manufacturing

Apple Restoring manufacturing jobs to the United States’ struggling Rust Belt communities was one of President-elect Donald Trump’s biggest campaign promises — and Apple is stepping up to the plate. The consumer electronics giant is exploring the possibility of moving smartphone production to the United States.

Electronics maker Foxconn, one of Apple’s largest suppliers, confirmed on Sunday that it was mulling a $7 billion investment to create a flat-panel manufacturing facility in the United States, Reuters reported. This would bring one of the major components in smartphones to American shores and would be an important step toward building iPhones in the U.S. Founder and chairman Terry Gou said the move may create as many as 50,000 jobs and would involve Japanese subsidiary Sharp; talks were reportedly underway in Pennsylvania and in other states.

Rumors swirl about “Made in the USA”

Speculation on Apple’s plans began in late 2016, and heightened following an interview with Donald Trump in The New York Times, during which he recounted a phone conversation with Tim Cook urging the CEO to move part of Apple’s production line to the U.S.:

“I was honored yesterday, I got a call from Bill Gates, great call, we had a great conversation, I got a call from Tim Cook at Apple, and I said, ‘Tim, you know one of the things that will be a real achievement for me is when I get Apple to build a big plant in the United States, or many big plants in the United States, where instead of going to China, and going to Vietnam, and going to the places that you go to, you’re making your product right here.’ He said, ‘I understand that.’ I said: ‘I think we’ll create the incentives for you, and I think you’re going to do it. We’re going for a very large tax cut for corporations, which you’ll be happy about.’”

Trump has spoken on a number of occasions since about Apple moving production to the U.S. Days before his inauguration, the president-elect spoke with Axios, saying that Cook had his “eyes open to it” and that he thinks Cook “loves this country, and I think he’d like to do something major here.”

Such a move may become more feasible given Foxconn’s plans. The company first confirmed that it was exploring investing in the U.S. in early December: “We are in preliminary discussions regarding a potential investment that would represent an expansion of our current U.S. operations,” Foxconn said to CNNMoney.

Softbank CEO Masayoshi Son met with Trump shortly after to announce a planned $50 billion investment in U.S. startups. The CEO held a paper with Softbank’s and Foxconn’s name, along with the following text: “commit to: Invest $50bn + $7bn in US, generate 50k + 50k new jobs in US in next 4 years.” That led to speculation that Foxconn would have a role in bringing jobs to the U.S.

“While the scope of the potential investment has not been determined, we will announce the details of any plans following the completion of direct discussions between our leadership and the relevant U.S. officials,” the manufacturer told CNNMoney.

Trump is a vocal supporter of U.S. companies that build their products in the U.S. and has proposed levying steep tariffs — potentially as high as 45 percent — on competing Chinese importers.

Nikkei, citing a source familiar with Apple’s plans, reports that the Cupertino, California-based company has tasked Foxconn and Pegatron, the two tech firms responsible for assembling more than 200 million of Apple’s iPhones annually, with investigating the feasibility of building plants in the U.S.

“We’re going to get Apple to build their damn computers and things in this country instead of other countries,” Trump said in a speech in January. “How does it help us when they make it in China?”

Pegatron reportedly demurred, citing logistical concerns. Foxconn agreed to compile a report as soon as June, but company chairman Terry Gou warned that it would show drastically higher productions costs. The potential result? An iPhone made in the U.S. could retail for as much as $740 to $1,300 for a 32GB iPhone 7 versus $650 today, according to Nikkei.

Apple has previously declined to move iPhones production stateside, citing costs.

Question: Would you pay $80 more for your next iPhone if you knew it was Made in the USA?

What would a U.S.-made iPhone cost?

A thorough report in the MIT Technology Review found that moving iPhone assembly to the U.S. would add $30 to $40 to the cost of an iPhone thanks to “transportation and logistics expenses [that] would arise from shipping parts.”

Manufacturing the smartphone’s hundreds of components domestically is an even pricier — and vastly more complex — proposition. Apple Chief Executive Tim Cook told CBS’ 60 Minutes in December 2015 that the U.S. labor pool lacked the skills necessary to carry out iPhone production, and Apple executives have estimated that it would take as long as nine months to recruit the roughly 8,700 industrial engineers that oversee Chinese assembly lines. And that’s before efficiency is taken into account: A 2012 CNN Money report noted that Chinese factories house workers in employee dormitories and “can send hundreds of thousands to the assembly lines at a moment’s notice.”

Then there’s the U.S.’s lack of natural resources to consider. MIT Technology Review points out that few of the 75 elements required to manufacture the iPhone are available commercially in the U.S. Aluminum, for instance, requires bauxite, and there are no bauxite mines in the U.S. China, on the other hand, produces 85 percent of the world’s rare earth metals.

Further complicating matters is Apple’s sprawling supply chain of more than 750 firms in over 20 countries. Taiwan Semiconductor produces crucial iPhone chips; South Korea’s SK Hynix and Japan’s Toshiba produce the handset’s memory modules, and Japan’s Japan Display and Sharp provide the iPhone’s display. “To make iPhones, there will need to be a cluster of suppliers in the same place, which the U.S. does not have at the moment,” an industry executive familiar with iPhone production told economics blog NorthCrane.

But Apple’s plan isn’t without precedent. In 2013, Motorola Mobility employed more than 3,800 employees to assemble the Moto X, a flagship Android phone, at a factory in Fort Worth, Texas. Just a year later, though, it was forced to shutter production as a result of “exceptionally tough” market conditions, according to Motorola president Rick Osterloh. The company subsequently moved production to China.

Others have been more successful. Foxconn established a stateside iMac computer assembly line in 2012. A year later, Singapore-based Flextronics, the manufacturer of Apple’s Mac Pro desktop computer, built a production line in Austin, Texas.

In October 2015, Sharp president Tai Jeng-wu suggested that if Apple were to begin producing smartphones in the United States, it would likely follow suit. “We are now building a new [advanced organic light-emitting diode] facility in Japan. We can make [OLED panels] in the U.S. too,” he said. “If our key customer demands us to manufacture in the U.S., is it possible for us not to do so?”

Geopolitical implications

China’s reaction to any effort to move iPhone manufacturing to the U.S. could be severe. In an opinion piece published in a state-backed newspaper, the Chinese government warned of retaliatory measures if such trade restrictions were to go into effect. “A batch of Boeing orders will be replaced by Airbus. U.S. auto and iPhone sales in China will suffer a setback, and U.S. soybean and maize imports will be halted. China can also limit the number of Chinese students studying in the U.S.,” a Global Times article read.

A move of production by Apple could also threaten the company’s relationship with Chinese leadership. Earlier this year, in what was widely seen as a protectionist move by regulators, Apple’s iBooks and iMovies were temporarily blocked within the country. And in June, China’s Beijing-based intellectual Property Office found that Apple’s iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus infringed on a design patent held by Chinese company Shenzhen Baili.

Apple has extended olive branches in recent months. The company invested $1 billion in China-based ride-sharing app Didi Chuxing. It’ll open its first research and development facility in the country — a $45 million office within Beijing’s Zhongguancun Science Park — by the end of this year. And in October, it pledged to build a second facility in China’s Shenzhen province.

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