How to charge iphone properly

About Optimized Battery Charging on your iPhone

With iOS 13 and later, your iPhone learns from your daily charging habits to improve the lifespan of your battery.

A battery’s lifespan is related to its chemical age, which is more than just the length of time since the battery was assembled. A battery’s chemical age results from a complex combination of several factors, including temperature history and charging pattern. All rechargeable batteries are consumable components that become less effective as they chemically age. As lithium-ion batteries chemically age, the amount of charge they can hold diminishes, resulting in reduced battery life and reduced peak performance. Learn more about iPhone battery and performance and how to maximize battery performance and lifespan.

With iOS 13 and later, Optimized Battery Charging is designed to reduce the wear on your battery and improve its lifespan by reducing the time your iPhone spends fully charged. When the feature is enabled, your iPhone will delay charging past 80% in certain situations. Your iPhone uses on-device machine learning to learn your daily charging routine so that Optimized Battery Charging activates only when your iPhone predicts it will be connected to a charger for an extended period of time. The algorithm aims to ensure that your iPhone is still fully charged when unplugged.

Optimized Battery Charging is on by default when you set up your iPhone or after updating to iOS 13 or later. To turn off the feature, go to Settings > Battery > Battery Health > Optimized Battery Charging.

When Optimized Battery Charging is active, a notification on the Lock screen says when your iPhone will be fully charged. If you need to have your iPhone fully charged sooner, touch and hold the notification and then tap Charge Now.

If Optimized Battery Charging doesn’t activate

Optimized charging is designed to engage only in locations where you spend the most time, such as your home and place of work. The feature doesn’t engage when your usage habits are more variable, such as when you travel. Because of this, some location settings must be enabled for Optimized Battery Charging to activate. None of the location information used for this feature is sent to Apple.

Here are a list of settings that must be enabled:

• Settings > Privacy > Location Services > Location Services.
• Settings > Privacy > Location Services > System Services > System Customization.
• Settings > Privacy > Location Services > System Services > Significant Locations > Significant Locations.

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When to charge your iPhone or iPad

There’s a lot of myth and folklore surrounding charging iOS devices (or actually any device that uses Lithium technology batteries). A lot of it comes from the advice given for older technologies, such as Nickel-Cadmium or Nickel-Metal-Hydride batteries. None of this applies to Lithium, however, and some of what we «know» from the NiCd and NiMH days is actually harmful to modern battery technology.

So what are the «rules» for charging? The most basic one is charge whenever you want to, for a long as you want to. There’s no reason to let the device drain completely before charging (in fact, it’s a bad idea to do that on a regular basis), and there’s no need to wait until it reaches 100% before removing it from the power source. You can charge when it’s at 40% and disconnect when it reaches 80%, or any other values, without hurting the phone. And you don’t have to turn it off to charge it; in fact, you shouldn’t. And you can leave it plugged in while using it if you want to.

The Best Practice, however, is to charge the phone overnight, every night. As it stops automatically at 100% you can’t overcharge it doing this. You thus start the day with a fully charged phone. And, if you configure the phone for automatic backup using iTunes or iCloud, the phone will back up every night when it has a WiFi connection and is asleep.

With iOS 13 and later iOS devices now have an Optimized Charging option. With this enabled, if you charge overnight the phone will stop charging at 80%, then resume charging in time to reach 100% in time to meet your normal usage pattern. During the nighttime pause the phone will use mains power instead of battery power, allowing the battery to “rest”, and thus reducing the need to charge the battery quite as often; over the long term this will extend the useful life of the battery.*SEE NOTE BELOW The phone will resume charging to reach 100% when you are ready to use your phone; it will “learn” your usage pattern. The figure below shows how Optimized Charging works; notice that it started charging when put on a wireless charger around 9:30 PM, stopped charging at 80% a short while later, then resumed charging at 6 AM to reach 100% around 7 AM.

You can charge an iPhone, iPad or iPod Touch with any quality USB-A or USB-C power source and matching cable. Essentially any Apple power source and cable that fit into the connectors at either end are compatible and safe to use. There will be performance differences, with USB-C faster than USB-A to charge, but they will all work (except that a USB-A “cube” doesn’t have sufficient power to charge an iPad). For an iPhone 12 or later you can fast charge using a 20 watt or higher power USB-C that meets the PD spec. The Apple 20 watt and higher is PD compatible, but not all 3rd party power sources are yet.

Want more details?

• The «charger» for an iOS device is built into the device. It is not the thingy that plugs into the wall, and it is not the cable that connects the thingy that plugs into the wall to the phone. They are just a source of current and a way to get it to the phone, respectively.
• Completely draining a Lithium battery, even once, will kill it. (Unlike NiCd and NiMH, which people really would drain completely to prevent «memory effect»).
• The internal charger is «smart» — It will prevent the device from being overcharged, and it will attempt to prevent the device from totally draining the battery by shutting down the device before the battery is fully depleted.
• When the phone shuts off at 0% it really isn’t zero; there’s still sufficient charge on the device to prevent the battery from going completely flat. Likewise, 100% is not the maximum the battery can store; it stops charging slightly short of maximum to prevent overcharging.
• The worst thing you can do is drain the battery to 0%, then not charge it immediately. After it reaches zero and shuts off there’s a small amount of energy left, but if you leave it uncharged for long it WILL go flat and kill the battery. So if it reaches zero, charge it soon (within hours).
• It’s best to charge it when it goes below 20%, primarily to avoid the risk of it going to zero when you don’t have a charger available, and to prevent unexpected shutdowns when you might need the phone. The phone helpfully changes the color of the battery icon to yellow below 20% and enables Low Power mode to preserve the remaining charge for as long as possible.
• Never leave a phone unused for weeks or months on end without periodically recharging it. If it is going to be unused for a long period, Apple recommends leaving it at around 50% charged (not full, and not empty).
• You should only use high quality USB power sources to charge your iOS device. They don’t have to be Apple’s (although Apple makes good ones), but they should never be cheapo USB sources, both because they may damage the phone and they may even injure you.
• You should also use only high quality cables, as cables that do not meet Apple’s «Made for iPhone» (MFI) standards can damage your phone (see: Why Counterfeit Lightning Cables Kill iPhones — Motherboard)
• The power source needs to supply at least 1 amp to charge an iPhone, and 2 amps to charge an iPad. Note, however that a power source that can supply more than these values is OK to use; the internal battery charger will take only what it needs. So, for example, you can safely charge your iPhone with an iPad USB adapter. See this for more details: Using iPad power adapters with your iPhone, iPad, and iPod — Apple Support
• With the iPhone 8 and later you can also charge with a USB-C power source. This will charge the device much faster, but still safely. See this Apple support link—>Fast charge your iPhone — Apple Support
• For fast charging the iPhone 11 the recommended power source is the 13 watt adapter, and for the iPhone 12 and 13 Apple recommends the 20 watt adapter for the fastest charging. However, you can use a higher power adapter safely; the phone will only take the power it needs. Thus, if you have a 61 watt MacBook adapter it is safe to use that.
• iOS devices fast charge until they reach about 75%; the rate then slows down to prevent overcharging. So it will reach 75% very quickly (under an hour), but it can take a couple of hours more to reach full charge.

Finally, keep in mind that batteries are «consumables». Their capacity starts dropping the day they come off the assembly line. Battery life is determined primarily by «full charge cycles» — A full charge cycle is 0% to 100%, or any combination that adds up to 100%, such as 50% to 100% or 30% to 80% twice, 80% to 100% 5 times, etc. The battery will gradually lose capacity, and is rated to remain above 80% capacity (that’s total capacity, not charge level) for 500 full charge cycles for an iPhone (1,000 for an iPad). For most people this will be around 2 years for the iPhone. Apple will replace the battery for a reasonable fee (currently $49 US for older phones, $69 for iPhone X and later) if it goes below 80% after the original 1 year warranty or AppleCare+ warranty period. Within the warranty the replacement is free.

While this tip is specifically for iOS devices, the same principles apply to all other Apple devices (watches, AirPods, MacBooks) as well as most other manufacturer’s products that have Lithium chemistry batteries.

*More about Optimized Charging: I was asked by a user in the iPhone forum (https://discussions.apple.com/thread/251707376?answerId=253281558022#253281558022) why the iPhone does this. There is some evidence that Lithium chemistry batteries should not be left fully charged. So, for example, Tesla recommends not charging the car’s battery beyond 80% unless planning for a long trip, and in fact it can be programmed to do this. That doesn’t mean they should never be fully charged, just that they should not be left at 100% for long periods of time. Most electric bike instructions have the same advice. And Apple recommends storing devices that won’t be used for a while at 50% charge.

When the phone is connected to power and not charging the energy to run the phone comes from the external power source, rather than the battery, thus letting the battery “rest”. And any smartphone is always doing something that uses energy, even when it isn’t actually being used. As the battery’s useful life is measured in full charge cycles, with only a small contribution from chronological age, leaving the battery at 80% but still connected to power achieves 2 aims: Not leaving it at 100% for long periods of time, and reducing the number of full charge cycles while still powering the phone.

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Question: Q: How to properly charge iphone

Hello , so I know that many people already asked this on the internet but everybody says something different and I think this is the best place to ask something like this. So I bought a new iPhone 5S and I would like to know how to charge it so that it has the longest possible lifespan. Someone says that I should charge it when it’s almost totally discharged , and other that I should charge it often. So how should I charge it properly so that it has the longest possible lifespan?

iPhone 5s, iOS 7.1.2

Posted on Jul 29, 2014 3:47 AM

All replies

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if you let the battery drain it shortens its life. its best to charge it as often as you can. if your out a lot i would suggest buying a battery case just as a back up battery.

Jul 29, 2014 5:15 AM

Lithium-Ion batteries give three to four times longer battery cycle lifetimes if the battery is only discharged to 50% and then recharged compared with batteries that are discharged to shutdown regularly. When the charge drops below 50% start thinking about plugging it in.

Jul 29, 2014 5:17 AM

Is it really not advisable to play/use the phone while charging?

Jul 29, 2014 6:15 AM

Is it really not advisable to play/use the phone while charging?

Jul 29, 2014 6:24 AM

Is it really not advisable to play/use the phone while charging?

It will make no difference.

Jul 29, 2014 6:25 AM

Ok thanks for the info.

Jul 29, 2014 6:29 AM

Question: Q: How to properly charge iphone More Less

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If your iPhone or iPod touch won’t charge

If your battery won’t charge or charges slowly, or if you see an alert message, learn what to do.

Plug into power

To charge your device, follow these steps:

1. Connect your device to the USB cable that comes with it.
2. Plug into one of these three power sources:

Wall power outlet

Plug your USB charging cable into a USB power adapter, then plug the adapter into the wall.

Computer

Plug your charging cable into a USB 2.0 or 3.0 port on a computer that’s on and not in sleep mode. Don’t use the USB ports on your keyboard.

Power accessory

Plug your cable into a powered USB hub, docking station, or other Apple-certified accessory.

If you’re trying to charge wirelessly with an iPhone 8 or later, first make sure that you can charge with the USB adapter and cable that came with your device. If that works, then get help with wireless charging. For a third-party accessory, check that it’s Apple certified.

As your device charges, you’ll see a lightning bolt beside the battery icon in the status bar, or a large battery icon on your Lock screen.

My device charges slowly or won’t charge

My device stopped charging at 80 percent

I see Accessory Not Supported or Certified

If your device charges slowly or won’t charge

Follow these steps and try again after each:

1. Check your charging cable and USB adapter for signs of damage, like breakage or bent prongs. Don’t use damaged accessories.
   
2. Use a wall power outlet and check for firm connections between your charging cable, USB wall adapter, and wall outlet or AC power cable, or try a different outlet.
3. Remove any debris from the charging port on the bottom of your device, then firmly plug your charging cable into your device. If the charging port is damaged, your device probably needs service.
   
4. Let your device charge for a half hour.
5. If your device is still unresponsive, force restart your device:
   • iPhone 8 or later and iPhone SE (2nd generation): Press and quickly release the Volume Up button. Press and quickly release the Volume Down button. Press and hold the Side button until you see the Apple logo.
   • iPhone 7, iPhone 7 Plus, and iPod touch (7th generation): Press and hold both the Side (or Top) button and the Volume Down button until you see the Apple logo.
   • iPhone 6s or earlier, iPhone SE (1st generation), and iPod touch (6th generation) or earlier: Press and hold both the Side (or Top) button and the Home button until you see the Apple logo.
6. Let your device charge for another half hour.
7. If your device still won’t power on or charge, take your device, charging cable, and charging adapter to an Apple Retail Store or Apple Authorized Service Provider for evaluation. You can also contact Apple Support.

If your device stopped charging at 80 percent

Your iPhone might get slightly warmer while it charges. To extend the lifespan of your battery, if the battery gets too warm, software might limit charging above 80 percent. Your iPhone will charge again when the temperature drops. Try moving your iPhone and charger to a cooler location.

iOS 13 and later uses Optimized Battery Charging to slow the rate of battery aging by reducing the time that your iPhone spends fully charged. Your iPhone uses on-device machine learning to understand your daily charging routine so that it can wait until you need to use your iPhone to finish charging past 80 percent.* Optimized Battery Charging is active only when your iPhone predicts that it will be connected to a charger for a long period of time.

* Information regarding your charging routine is stored only on your iPhone. The information isn’t included in backups and isn’t shared with Apple.

If an alert says that your accessory isn’t supported or certified

These alerts can appear for a few reasons: Your iOS device might have a dirty or damaged charging port, your charging accessory is defective, damaged, or non Apple-certified, or your USB charger isn’t designed to charge devices. Follow these steps:

1. Remove any debris from the charging port on the bottom of your device.
2. Restart your device:
   • iPhone
   • iPod touch
3. Try a different USB cable or charger.
4. Make sure that you have the latest version of iOS.
5. Contact Apple Support to set up service.

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