Иконки material design android

What are material icons?

Material design system icons are simple, modern, friendly, and sometimes quirky. Each icon is created using our design guidelines to depict in simple and minimal forms the universal concepts used commonly throughout a UI. Ensuring readability and clarity at both large and small sizes, these icons have been optimized for beautiful display on all common platforms and display resolutions.

See the full set of material design icons in the Material Icons Library.

Getting icons

The icons are available in several formats and are suitable for different types of projects and platforms, for developers in their apps, and for designers in their mockups or prototypes.

Licensing

We have made these icons available for you to incorporate them into your products under the Apache License Version 2.0. Feel free to remix and re-share these icons and documentation in your products. We’d love attribution in your app’s about screen, but it’s not required. The only thing we ask is that you not re-sell the icons themselves.

Browsing and downloading individual icons

The complete set of material icons are available on the material icon library. The icons are available for download in SVG or PNGs, formats that are suitable for web, Android, and iOS projects or for inclusion in any designer tools.

Downloading everything

Git Repository

The material icons are available from the git repository which contains the complete set of icons including all the various formats we are making available.

Installing icons from bower

Install the icons using the Bower package manager.

Installing icons from npm

Install the icons using npm package manager.

Icon font for the web

The material icon font is the easiest way to incorporate material icons with web projects. We have packaged all the material icons into a single font that takes advantage of the typographic rendering capabilities of modern browsers so that web developers can easily incorporate these icons with only a few lines of code.

Using the font is not only the most convenient method, but it is efficient and looks great:

• 900+ icons all from a single, small file.
• Served from Google Web Font servers or can be self hosted.
• Supported by all modern web browsers.
• Colored, sized and positioned entirely with CSS.
• Vector-based: Looks great at any scale, retina displays, low-dpi display screens.

The icon font weighs in at only 42KB in its smallest woff2 format and 56KB in standard woff format. By comparison, the SVG files compressed with gzip will generally be around 62KB in size, but this can be reduced considerably by compiling only the icons you need into a single SVG file with symbol sprites.

Setup Method 1. Using via Google Web Fonts

The easiest way to set up icon fonts for use in any web page is through Google Web Fonts. All you need to do is include a single line of HTML:

Similar to other Google Web Fonts, the correct CSS will be served to activate the ‘Material Icons’ font specific to the browser. An additional CSS class will be declared called .material-icons . Any element that uses this class will have the correct CSS to render these icons from the web font.

Setup Method 2. Self hosting

For those looking to self host the web font, some additional setup is necessary. Host the icon font in a location, for example https://example.com/material-icons.woff and add the following CSS rule:

In addition, the CSS rules for rendering the icon will need to be declared to render the font properly. These rules are normally served as part of the Google Web Font stylesheet, but will need to be included manually in your projects when self-hosting the font:

Using the icons in HTML

It’s easy to incorporate icons into your web page. Here’s a small example:

This example uses a typographic feature called ligatures, which allows rendering of an icon glyph simply by using its textual name. The replacement is done automatically by the web browser and provides more readable code than the equivalent numeric character reference.

This feature is supported in most modern browsers on both desktop and mobile devices.

Browser	Version supporting ligatures
Google Chrome	11
Mozilla Firefox	3.5
Apple Safari	5
Microsoft IE	10
Microsoft Edge	18
Opera	15
Apple MobileSafari	iOS 4.2
Android Browser	3.0

For browsers that do not support ligatures, fall back to specifying the icons using numeric character references like the example below:

Find both the icon names and codepoints on the material icons library by selecting any icon and opening the icon font panel. Each icon font has a codepoints index in our git repository showing the complete set of names and character codes (here).

Styling icons in material design

These icons were designed to follow the material design guidelines and they look best when using the recommended icon sizes and colors. The styles below make it easy to apply our recommended sizes, colors, and activity states.

Sizing

Although the icons in the font can be scaled to any size, in accordance with material design icons guidelines, we recommend them to be shown in either 18, 24, 36 or 48px. The default being 24px.

CSS rules for the standard material design sizing guidelines:

Material icons look best at 24px, but if an icon needs to be displayed in an alternative size, using the above CSS rules can help:

Coloring

Using the icon font allows for easy styling of an icon in any color. In accordance with material design icon guidelines, for active icons we recommend using either black at 54% opacity or white at 100% opacity when displaying these on light or dark backgrounds, respectively. If an icon is disabled or inactive, using black at 26% or white at 30% for light and dark backgrounds, respectively.

Here are some examples, using the material CSS styles described above:

Example for drawing an icon on a light background with a dark foreground color:

Example for drawing an icon on a dark background with a light foreground color:

To set a custom icon color, define a CSS rule specifying the desired color for the font:

and then use the class when referring to the icon:

Icon images for the web

Material icons are also available as regular images, both in PNG and SVG formats.

The material icons are provided as SVGs that are suitable for web projects. Individual icons are downloadable from the material icons library. The SVGs are also available from the material design icons git repository under the path:

For example, icons for maps are in maps/svg/production:

If multiple icons are in use on a web site, creating spritesheets out of the images is recommended. For more information, refer to the documentation in the sprites directory of the git repository.

PNG is the most traditional way to display icons on the web. Our downloads from the material icons library provide both single and double densities for each icon. They are referred to as 1x_web and 2x_web respectively in the download. Icons are also available in the git repository under:

If multiple icons are in use on a web site, creating spritesheets out of the images is recommended. For more information, refer to recommendations in the sprites directory in the git repository.

Icons for Android

PNGs suitable for Android are available from the material icons library. These come in all the supported screen densities so they should look good on any device.

The icons are also available in the material design icons git repository in the same combination of colors and sizes named as follows:

A density-independent VectorDrawable is provided which is supported from Android Lollipop and later:

The Vector Drawable is currently only available as a black 24dp icon. This is for compatibility with our most standard icon size. To render the icon in a different color, use drawable tinting available on Android Lollipop.

When using the Vector Drawable, it may not be necessary to include the xxxhdpi density PNG since it is unlikely a device supporting that screen density does not support Vector Drawables.

Icons for iOS

Material icons also work well within iOS apps. In both the material icons library and git repository, these icons are packaged up in Xcode imagesets which will work easily with Xcode Asset Catalogs (xcassets). These imagesets can be added to any Xcode Asset Catalogs by dragging them into Xcode on to the asset catalog or by copying the folder into the xcasset folder.

The imageset contains the single, double and triple density images (1x, 2x, 3x) so they work on all known iOS screen densities. Both black and white icons are provided, but we recommend using UIImage’s imageWithRenderingMode with UIImageRenderingModeAlwaysTemplate which will allow the image to be used as an alpha mask that can be tinted to any possible color.

Icons in RTL

Languages such as Arabic and Hebrew are read from right-to-left (RTL). For RTL languages, UIs should be mirrored to display most elements in RTL. When a user interface is mirrored for RTL, some of the icons should also be mirrored. When text, layout, and iconography are mirrored to support right-to-left UIs, anything that relates to time should be depicted as moving from right to left. For example, forward points to the left, and backwards points to the right. However, be mindful that the context in which the icon is placed also influences whether an icon should be mirrored or not.

Icons should only be mirrored if their direction matches other UI elements in RTL mode. When an icon represents visual features of your website that are different in RTL, then the icon should also be mirrored in RTL. For example, if the numbers in a numbered list are on the right side in the RTL language, then the numbers should be on the right side of the mirrored icon.

Note: Icons that include a question mark need to be mirrored in Arabic and Farsi, but not in Hebrew. For an in-depth guidance on this topic, please read the Bidirectionality material design spec article.

RTL icons on Android

This Android developer article describes in-depth how to implement RTL user interfaces. By default on Android, icons are not mirrored when the layout direction is mirrored. You need to specifically mirror the appropriate icons when needed, either by providing specialized assets for RTL languages, or using framework functionality to mirror the assets.

To provide specialized assets for RTL languages, you can use the ldrtl qualifier on resource directories, such as res/drawable-ldrtl/ . Resources inside such directories will only be used for RTL languages. For devices running Android API 19 or newer, the framework also provides the autoMirrored attribute for Drawables. When this attribute is set to true, the drawable will be automatically mirrored on RTL languages.

If using autoMirrored or providing alternate Drawable resources isn’t an option, the ImageView scaleX attribute can also be used to mirror drawables (for instance, by providing a RTL-specific layout in a res/layout-ldrtl directory).

Mirroring within the layout file:

Lastly, drawables can be mirrored programmatically.

Manually check for layout direction using getLayoutDirection:

Mirroring ImageView contents programmatically:

RTL icons on iOS

iOS has the concept of a UISemanticContentAttribute that is attached to each view. This can be unspecified , forceLeftToRight , forceRightToLeft , playback or spatial . iOS uses this value and the (left-to-right (LTR)/RTL setting of the device presenting the interface to determine the effectiveLayoutDirection of the view. This effectiveLayoutDirection determines whether or not to mirror an image when it is displayed.

By default, images’ semantic content is set to unspecified . This causes them to be mirrored in RTL mode. If you do not want an icon to ever be mirrored, you need to explicitly set it to be forceLeftToRight . Apple calls out some exceptions that should not be mirrored, such as media playback (Fast Forward, rewind, etc.), musical notes, images indicating the passage of time, etc.

For more in-depth documentation on how to implement RTL on iOS and macOS, please review Apple’s RTL documentation.

Semantic content was added in iOS 9. If you are supporting earlier versions of iOS, the material internationalization framework backports some of the functionality to iOS 8.

RTL icons on the web

By default on the web, icons are not mirrored when the layout direction is mirrored. You need to specifically mirror the appropriate icons when needed.

The example below shows how to implement a simple RTL CSS rule. You can also view it on codepen.

Generate your own RTL icons using ImageMagick

If mirroring the icons in code is not an option you can use ImageMagick to horizontally mirror the image.

Which icons should be mirrored for RTL?

Here is a list of icons that can be programmatically mirrored to RTL:

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Icons

Product icons are the visual expression of a brand’s products, services, and tools.

System icons represent a command, file, device, directory, or common actions.

Sizing

Product icons are 48dp; system icons are 24dp

Icons on light backgrounds

Icon state

Opacity

Icons on dark backgrounds

Icon state

Opacity

Product icons Expand and collapse content An arrow that points down when collapsed and points up when expanded.

Product icons are the visual expression of a brand’s products, services, and tools. Simple, bold, and friendly, they communicate the core idea and intent of a product. While each product icon is visually distinct, all product icons for a given brand should be unified through concept and execution.

Use these guidelines as a starting point to ensure that your product icon colors and key elements reflect your brand identity.

Design approach

Product icon design is inspired by the tactile and physical quality of material. Each icon is cut, folded, and lit as paper would be, but represented by simple graphic elements. The quality of the material is sturdy, with clean folds and crisp edges. The matte-like finish interacts with light through subtle highlights and consistent shadows.

Product icon grid

The product icon grid has been developed to facilitate consistency and establish a clear set of rules for the positioning of graphic elements. This standardization results in a flexible but coherent system.

Keyline shapes

Keyline shapes are the foundation of the grid. By using these core shapes as guidelines, you can maintain a consistent visual proportion across related product icons.

Height: 152dp
Width: 152dp

Height: 176dp
Width: 128dp

DP unit grid

Android expects product icons to be provided at 48dp, with edges at 1dp. When you create the icon, maintain the 48-unit measure, but scale it to 400% at 192 x 192 dp (the edge becomes 4dp).

Any scaling done to the original will scale the image up or down proportionally. By maintaining the unit ratio, you preserve sharp edges and correct alignment when the scale is reduced.

Geometry

Preset standards have been determined for specific keylines: circle, square, rectangle, orthogonals, and diagonals. This small palette of universal and simple elements has been developed to unify product icons and systemize their placement on the grid.

Product icon anatomy

Product icon anatomy describes the graphic elements that make up a product icon. The consistency of these elements across icons for a given brand is critical in maintaining a shared visual language. Familiarity with these elements makes it easier to understand characteristics of each logo and subtle differences between them. It will also help educate your eye to recognize the underlying structure of logo designs.

1. Finish
2. Material background
3. Material foreground
4. Color
5. Shadow

Each component is positioned on top of the previous one, always viewed from straight above.

An exploded perspective example illustrating the context of each component of the logo construction.

The back-most material element

A material element raised above, and casting a shadow upon, the material background.

Color applied to a small portion of an element.

Color applied to an entire element, edge-to-edge.

The top edge of a material element. A tint is the mixture of a color with white, which lightens the original color.

The bottom edge of a material element. Shade is the mixture of a color with a darker hue, which darkens the original color.

A soft shadow around all edges of a raised material element.

A soft tint above all elements to provide surface lighting, fading from upper-left to lower-right.

Product icon metrics

Lighting

Within the material environment, virtual lights illuminate the scene and allow objects to cast shadows. A top light cast on material elements creates a contact shadow while highlighting the top and bottom edges. An angled light reinforces the sense of surface across the elements.

Shadows

For a product icon, the top light from above casts a soft shadow surrounding an element lightly on the top and left. The shadow is slightly heavier below and to the right. This shadow is always contained within the icon’s silhouette.

Drop shadow metrics

Mode: Normal
Opacity: 20%
X Offset: 0dp
Y Offset: 4dp
Blur: 4dp
Color: Refer to Tint, shade and shadow values

Edge tint and shade

The top and bottom edges of material elements provide a sense of depth and surface. Material elements have a standard 1dp thickness. All edge distances are measured from an element’s interior edge.

Tint highlights the top edge of all elements. The left, right, and bottom edges do not have a tint applied.

Shade darkens the bottom edge of all elements. The left, right, and top edges do not have a shade applied.

Height: 1dp
Opacity: 20%
Color: White (#FFFFFF)

Height: 1dp
Opacity: 20%
Color: Refer to Tint, shade and shadow values

Finish

The finish layer is a result of the virtual 45º light source. It extends from the top-left corner to the exterior edge of the icon’s silhouette. The finish is always contained within these boundaries.

Type: Radial
Angle: 45Вє
Color: White (#FFFFFF)
Midpoint Location: 33%

Slider 1
Opacity: 10%
Location: 0%

Slider 2
Opacity: 0%
Location: 100%

Tint, shade, and shadow values

Each color reacts differently when tints and shades are added. The color of every edge tint, edge shade, and shadow needs to be adjusted for each color that lies behind it. To ensure color harmony, follow the appropriate value for each.

Product icon patterns

Influenced by the behavior of physical material, simple conventions provide a sense of surface and tactility. The interactions of material and color allow for numerous unique compositions.

Color

Colored elements are flush with the paper’s surface.

Don’t embellish colored elements with any edges or shadows.

Don’t add shadows.

Layer

Layered paper elements create depth through edges and shadows.

Be cautious with the quantity of overlapping surfaces. Having too many complicates the icon and lacks focus.

Don’t add too many layers

Elevate

Elevating a key material element atop a simple background silhouette focuses attention to the center.

Don’t crop elevated material elements within another shape.

Don’t crop elevated materials.

Score

Scored material elements have the illusion of depth without losing their geometric form. Scores should be centered on symmetrical shapes.

Don’t use multiple scores, or position a score off-center.

Don’t position a score off-center.

Folded material elements are skewed, having greater dimension. Spot colors should be avoided, so as to avoid altering or misrepresenting key elements.

Overlap

Overlapped material elements create unique silhouettes. All elements, edges, and shadows are confined to the interior of the silhouette.

Don’t exceed more than two overlaps. Having too many complicates the icon and lacks focus.

Accordion

Accordion folded material elements are adjoined by a connecting fold, used to add dimension to a single material element.

Don’t exceed more than two accordion folds. Having too many complicates the icon and lacks focus.

Don’t use three accordion folds.

Distort

Product icons should never be distorted or transformed. Elements should remain in their geometric form, and not be skewed, rotated, bowed, warped, or bent.

Don’t distort the icon.

Human iconography

The below guidelines and examples illustrate best practices for incorporating human iconography into your UI.

Keyline shapes

Paper vs color

Gestures

Human icon rules

Do use simple shapes for background silhouettes.

Don’t use complicated shapes for background silhouettes.

Do use curved and straight edges for visual balance.

Don’t use circular arm terminals nor cropped arms.

System icons Expand and collapse content An arrow that points down when collapsed and points up when expanded.

A system icon, or UI icon, symbolizes a command, file, device, or directory. System icons are also used to represent common actions like trash, print, and save.

The design of system icons is simple, modern, friendly, and sometimes quirky. Each icon is reduced to its minimal form, with every idea edited to its essence. The designs ensure readability and clarity even at small sizes.

Design principles

Shapes are bold and geometric.

Symmetry and consistency of shapes give the icons a unique quality, while keeping them simple and bold.

Grid, proportion, and size

DP unit grid

System icons are displayed at 24dp. When creating icons, it’s important to design at 100% scale for pixel-perfect accuracy.

When the mouse and keyboard are the primary input methods, measurements may be condensed to accommodate denser layouts. For dense layouts on desktop, icons can be scaled down to 20dp.

Dense grid at 20dp, 100% scale

Dense grid at 20dp, 800% scale

Icon grid

The icon grid has been developed to facilitate consistency and establish a clear set of rules for the positioning of graphic elements. This standardization results in a flexible but coherent system.

Content area

The content of an icon should remain inside of the live area. The live area is a safe zone of an image, in which graphics have sufficient display room and are unlikely to be cut off from view (such as when sidebars appear upon scrolling).

The trim area refers to the final size of a graphic file.

Content should only extend into the padding between the live and trim areas if additional visual weight is needed. Do not place any part of the icon outside of the trim area.

Dense layouts

For dense layouts on desktop, icons may be scaled down to 20dp with 2dp of padding surrounding the icon.

Icon content is limited to the 20dp x 20dp live area, with 4dp of padding around the perimeter.

Dense live area

Icon content is limited to the 16dp x 16dp live area, with 2dp of padding around the perimeter.

4px of empty space makes up the padding surrounding the 20dp x 20dp live area.

Dense padding area

The 2dp of padding surrounds the live area.

Keyline shapes

Keyline shapes are the foundation of the grid. By using these core shapes as guidelines, you can maintain a consistent visual proportion throughout the system icons.

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