Jobs leaves apple 1985

Why Steve Jobs Left Apple 30 Years Ago Today

John Sculley, the former CEO of Apple, talks about the real reason Jobs left Apple in 1985.

It’s been 30 years since Steve Jobs resigned from Apple, but the exact details of Jobs’s departure still remain a matter of dispute.

Jobs claimed that Apple CEO John Sculley fired him over a disagreement regarding how to save the company during a period of declining sales for the Apple II computer.

«What can I say? I hired the wrong guy,» Jobs told the BBC in a 1996 televised interview. «He destroyed everything I spent 10 years working on.» Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, however, has refuted Jobs’s claim, writing in a Facebook post last week that Jobs left the company voluntarily following the dispute with Sculley.

In an interview with Inc., Sculley says the root of the problem was simply Jobs being ahead of his time. In 1985, Jobs wanted to invest heavily in Apple’s desktop publishing product, Macintosh Office, despite the fact that technology hadn’t yet made the product marketable to consumers.

“It wasn’t his fault that the processors just weren’t fast enough to do laser printing and the kind of graphics applications that people wanted to do with desktop publishing,” Sculley says.

“Steve was asked to step down from the Macintosh division, [but] he was never fired.”

To hear more of Sculley’s side of the story, check out the video below.

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Jobs leaves apple 1985

By Luke Dormehl • 10:30 am, September 16, 2021

• News
• Top stories

Two significant days in Jobs’ career took place on this day.
Photo: Fulvio Obregon

September 16, 1985 and 1997: Twice on this day, Steve Jobs makes significant moves with regard to his career at Apple. In 1985, he quits the company he co-founded. Then, a decade and a half later, he officially rejoins Apple as its new interim CEO.

In terms of the emotions associated with those historic occasions, it’s hard to think of two more polarizing days in Jobs’ life.

Steve Jobs leaves Apple in 1985

The story behind Jobs’ 1985 departure is, by now, well-known. After losing a boardroom battle with John Sculley — a CEO Jobs recruited from Pepsi a couple years earlier — Jobs decided to leave Apple, feeling forced out of the company he started.

After weeks of rumors that Jobs would quit and set up his own rival company — prompted by a flurry of sales of his AAPL stock holdings, totaling $21.43 million — he officially departed on September 16, 1985. He took with him a number of Apple employees to start NeXT Inc., his follow-up computer company.

NeXT never became the success Jobs hoped it would be. And in some ways, the company showcased the worst aspects of his perfectionist, “feature creep” tendencies. However, NeXT occupied an immensely important period in his life, letting him hone his abilities as a CEO.

Also during this period, he became a billionaire, thanks to a canny investment in Pixar Animation Studios. Jobs won big by buying into the struggling George Lucas startup (yes, that George Lucas), which had yet to release its first feature-length film.

Steve Jobs returns to Apple in 1997

The $400 million sale of NeXT to Apple in December 1996 brought Jobs back into Cupertino’s fold. Apple was being run by Gil Amelio, a CEO who oversaw Apple’s worst-ever financial quarter. When Amelio departed, Jobs offered to help Apple locate new leadership. He stepped into the role of CEO until someone suitable could be found.

The UNIX-based operating system Jobs developed at NeXT laid the groundwork for OS X, which Apple continues to build upon.

On September 16, 1997, Apple officially announced Jobs as its interim CEO. This quickly became shortened to iCEO, which makes Jobs’ role the first “i” release, predating even the iMac G3.

Do you remember Jobs’ return to (or departure from) Apple? Leave your comments below.

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Про «ту Apple». 1985—1986 годы

В “прошлый раз” Стив Джобс покинул Apple (тогда Apple Computer) в 1985 году. Казалось, навсегда. Для Стива это было фиаско, крушение всех планов, почти смерть. Или даже хуже, чем смерть.

Отряд не заметил потери бойца

Пользователи Mac’ов взгрустнули, но ненадолго. Компания вдруг превратилась в машинку для реализации их желаний. Мало кто знал тогда, кто этот парень, очень ярко и красиво рассказывавший про самый понятный в мире компьютер с пользовательским интерфейсом…

Были и почитатели, которые возмущались и негодовали, но их никто и никогда не принимал всерьез. Увы.

И в Apple Computer уход Стива мало кого огорчил. “Компания потеряла душу” – это слова отщепенцев, которые были в меньшинстве. Остальные сотрудники облегченно вздохнули. Требовательный, невыдержанный, легко впадающий в смертельно опасную ярость, не принимающий никаких оправданий, запросто увольняющий за любую мелочь. Представьте себя на их месте, каково это уходить на работу, не зная, не вернешься ли ты домой раньше и безработным.

Джону Скалли и совету директоров возмутитель спокойствия с сумасшедшими и непонятными идеями давно и смертельно надоел. Джобс не считал нужным принимать во внимание реальность и возможности компании. В 1985 году Джобс фактически не играл в компании никакой серьезной роли. Он руководил отделом. Его это положение абсолютно не устраивало, и именно он попытался совершить “переворот”… И проиграл.

Джобс впал в депрессию, это был, по его словам, самый трудный период в его жизни. И жестокий, но абсолютно необходимый и полезный урок. Вот как идут к звездам.

Наследие Стива

А Apple Computer бросилась наверстывать упущенное. Проекты, завершение которых изо всех сил тормозил и саботировал Стив, фактически руководивший отделом 32-битных компьютеров. Саботаж заключался в неприятии никаких компромиссов. Стив считал, что нужно сразу выпускать Нечто, убойное и фантастическое.

Такое Нечто было в работе и называлось BigMac. К моменту изгнания Джобса, по словам самого Джобса, до завершения проекта оставалось года два или чуть больше – но в это уже никто не верил.

В процессе разработки BigMac непрерывно возникали проблемы разного масштаба, во многом этот монстр был первым в своем роде, на смену устраненным проблемам быстро приходили другие, а если учесть нежелание Стива мириться даже с мелкими огрехами, даже успешное завершение проекта было под вопросом.

Проект был успешно завершен. В 1988 году. Это был NeXT Computer, с операционной системой NeXTstep 0.9 (Ядро Mach, Клон BSD, некстовский графический интерфейс).

NeXTstep – прародитель современных операционных систем Apple. Если у вас в кармане iPhone, вы носите с собой кусочек NeXTstep…

Машинка для исполнения желаний пользователей

Заброшенный, так как это было “не то”, проект, продолжающий “классическую” линейку Mac’ов, был доведен до ума, и очень скоро (16 января 1986 года) вышел на рынок. Это был Macintosh Plus. Это был один из самых успешных Mac’ов в те годы.

Он поставлялся с предустановленным мегабайтом оперативной памяти (именно тогда, когда Вильям Гейтс Третий, глава Microsoft, заявил что отныне и присно и вовеки веков оперативной памяти в 640 К хватит любому персональному компьютеру), оперативную память Plus’а можно было увеличить до 4 мегабайт.

Кроме того, Macintosh Plus оснащался шиной SCSI для подключения периферии (дисков производства Apple Computer на 20 и 40 мегабайт, стримеров для бэкапа и т. п.). Шина была нестандартная, так как разработка SCSI еще не завершилась, это была бета-версия (за деньги клиента). Естественно, косяков и глюков в ней было как в ящике кокаина, но она работала! А сколько она принесла радости потом, когда был утвержден стандарт SCSI и появилась сторонняя периферия… С которой недоSCSI не работал никак. Но это потом.

Проект BigMac после переосмысления и небольшой доработки стал Macintosh II, который вышел в свет в 1987 году.

Цикл времени

Впервые мысль о похожести Apple 201х годов на Apple Computer в первые годы после изгнания Джобса появилась у меня, когда iPhone и iPad вместо одного стандартного для всех размера вдруг стали разными… Дорвались, как хорошо делать то, что раньше было нельзя!

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Стив Джобс

Steve Jobs co-founded Apple Computers with Steve Wozniak. Under Jobs’ guidance, the company pioneered a series of revolutionary technologies, including the iPhone and iPad.

Who Was Steve Jobs?

Steven Paul Jobs was an American inventor, designer and entrepreneur who was the co-founder, chief executive and chairman of Apple Computer. Apple’s revolutionary products, which include the iPod, iPhone and iPad, are now seen as dictating the evolution of modern technology. Born in 1955 to two University of Wisconsin graduate students who gave him up for adoption, Jobs was smart but directionless, dropping out of college and experimenting with different pursuits before co-founding Apple with Steve Wozniak in 1976. Jobs left the company in 1985, launching Pixar Animation Studios, then returned to Apple more than a decade later. Jobs died in 2011 following a long battle with pancreatic cancer.

1. guidance — руководство
2. chairman — председатель
3. directionless — бесцельный
4. pursuits — занятия

Net Worth

In 2011, Forbes estimated the majority of Steve Jobs’ net worth at around $6.5 billion to $7 billion from his sale of Pixar to the Walt Disney Company in 2006. However if Jobs had not sold his Apple shares in 1985, when he left the company he founded for over a decade, his net worth would have been a staggering $36 billion.

1. estimate — оценивать
2. staggering — ошеломляющие

Movies and Books on Steve Jobs

Several movies inspired by the computer icon’s life have been released as well — namely the critically panned Jobs (2013), starring Ashton Kutcher, and Steve Jobs (2015), starring Michael Fassbender and directed by Danny Boyle.

A number of books have also been written on Jobs’ life and career, including an authorized 2011 general biography by Walter Isaacson. The book was critiqued for the depiction of its main subject by Apple’s chief executive Tim Cook, who succeeded Jobs. Karen Blumenthal also wrote a 2012 young adult biography, and Brent Schlender and Rick Tetzeli wrote 2015’s Becoming Steve Jobs.

Steve Jobs’ Death and Last Words

Steve Jobs died in Palo Alto on October 5, 2011, after battling pancreatic cancer for nearly a decade. He was 56 years old.

In Mona Simpson’s eulogy for Steve Jobs, his sister said Steve Jobs looked at his sister Patty, kids and wife, then said his last words: “OH WOW. OH WOW. OH WOW.”

Wife and Children

Steve Jobs and Laurene Powell married on March 18, 1991. The pair met in the early 1990s at Stanford business school, where Powell was an MBA student. They lived together in Palo Alto, California, with their three children.

Although he remained a private man who rarely disclosed information about his family, it is known that Jobs fathered a daughter, Lisa, with girlfriend Chrisann Brennan when he was 23. He denied paternity of his daughter in court documents, claiming he was sterile. Chrisann struggled financially for much of her life, and Jobs did not initiate a relationship with his daughter until she was seven years old. When she was a teenager, Lisa came to live with her father.

When and Where Was Steve Jobs Born?

Steve Jobs was born on February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California.

Family and Early Life

Joanne Schieble (later Joanne Simpson) and Abdulfattah «John» Jandali, two University of Wisconsin graduate students, gave up their unnamed son, Steve Jobs, for adoption. Jobs’ father, Jandali, was a Syrian political science professor, and his mother, Schieble, worked as a speech therapist. Shortly after Steve was placed for adoption, his biological parents married and had another child, Mona Simpson. It was not until Jobs was 27 that he was able to uncover information on his biological parents.

As an infant, Jobs was adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs and named Steven Paul Jobs. Clara worked as an accountant and Paul was a Coast Guard veteran and machinist. The family lived in Mountain View, California, within the area that would later become known as Silicon Valley. As a boy, Jobs and his father worked on electronics in the family garage. Paul showed his son how to take apart and reconstruct electronics, a hobby that instilled confidence, tenacity and mechanical prowess in young Jobs.

Education

While Jobs was always an intelligent and innovative thinker, his youth was riddled with frustrations over formal schooling. Jobs was a prankster in elementary school due to boredom, and his fourth-grade teacher needed to bribe him to study. Jobs tested so well, however, that administrators wanted to skip him ahead to high school — a proposal that his parents declined.

After high school, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Lacking direction, he dropped out of college after six months and spent the next 18 months dropping in on creative classes at the school. Jobs later recounted how one course in calligraphy developed his love of typography.

In 1974, Jobs took a position as a video game designer with Atari. Several months later he left the company to find spiritual enlightenment in India, traveling further and experimenting with psychedelic drugs.

1. riddle — пронизывать
2. frustration — разочарование
3. bribe — подкупать
4. enlightenment — просветление

Steve Wozniak

Back when Jobs was enrolled at Homestead High School, he was introduced to his future partner and co-founder of Apple Computer, Steve Wozniak, who was attending the University of California, Berkeley.

In a 2007 interview with PC World, Wozniak spoke about why he and Jobs clicked so well: «We both loved electronics and the way we used to hook up digital chips,» Wozniak said. «Very few people, especially back then, had any idea what chips were, how they worked and what they could do. I had designed many computers, so I was way ahead of him in electronics and computer design, but we still had common interests. We both had pretty much sort of an independent attitude about things in the world.”

Apple Computer

In 1976, when Jobs was just 21, he and Steve Wozniak started Apple Computer in the Jobs’ family garage. They funded their entrepreneurial venture by Jobs selling his Volkswagen bus and Wozniak selling his beloved scientific calculator. Jobs and Wozniak are credited with revolutionizing the computer industry with Apple by democratizing the technology and making machines smaller, cheaper, intuitive and accessible to everyday consumers.

Wozniak conceived of a series of user-friendly personal computers, and — with Jobs in charge of marketing — Apple initially marketed the computers for $666.66 each. The Apple I earned the corporation around $774,000. Three years after the release of Apple’s second model, the Apple II, the company’s sales increased by 700 percent to $139 million.

In 1980, Apple Computer became a publicly traded company, with a market value of $1.2 billion by the end of its very first day of trading. Jobs looked to marketing expert John Sculleyof Pepsi-Cola to take over the role of CEO for Apple.

The next several products from Apple suffered significant design flaws, however, resulting in recalls and consumer disappointment. IBM suddenly surpassed Apple in sales, and Apple had to compete with an IBM/PC-dominated business world.

In 1984, Apple released the Macintosh, marketing the computer as a piece of a counterculture lifestyle: romantic, youthful, creative. But despite positive sales and performance superior to IBM’s PCs, the Macintosh was still not IBM-compatible. Sculley believed Jobs was hurting Apple, and the company’s executives began to phase him out. Not actually having had an official title with the company he co-founded, Jobs was pushed into a more marginalized position and thus left Apple in 1985.

1. entrepreneuria — предпринимательский
2. venture — авантюра
3. counterculture — контркультура
4. compatible — совместимый

Pixar

In 1986, Jobs purchased an animation company from George Lucas, which later became Pixar Animation Studios. Believing in Pixar’s potential, Jobs initially invested $50 million of his own money in the company. The studio went on to produce wildly popular movies such as Toy Story, Finding Nemo and The Incredibles; Pixar’s films have collectively netted $4 billion. The studio merged with Walt Disney in 2006, making Steve Jobs Disney’s largest shareholder.

Reinventing Apple

After leaving Apple in 1985, Jobs began a new hardware and software enterprise called NeXT, Inc. The company floundered in its attempts to sell its specialized operating system to mainstream America, and Apple eventually bought the company in 1996 for $429 million. In 1997, Jobs returned to his post as Apple’s CEO. Just as Jobs instigated Apple’s success in the 1970s, he is credited with revitalizing the company in the 1990s.

With a new management team, altered stock options and a self-imposed annual salary of $1 a year, Jobs put Apple back on track. Jobs’ ingenious products (like the iMac), effective branding campaigns and stylish designs caught the attention of consumers once again. In the ensuing years, Apple introduced such revolutionary products as the Macbook Air, iPod and iPhone, all of which dictated the evolution of technology. Almost immediately after Apple released a new product, competitors scrambled to produce comparable technologies.

Apple’s quarterly reports improved significantly in 2007: Stocks were worth $199.99 a share—a record-breaking number at that time — and the company boasted a staggering $1.58 billion profit, an $18 billion surplus in the bank and zero debt. In 2008, Apple became the second-biggest music retailer in America — second only to Walmart, fueled by iTunes and iPod sales. Apple has also been ranked No. 1 on Fortune magazine’s list of «America’s Most Admired Companies,» as well as No. 1 among Fortune 500 companies for returns to shareholders.

1. instigate — подстрекать, провоцировать
2. stock options — акционерные опционы
3. ensuing — последующий

Battle with Cancer

In 2003, Jobs discovered that he had a neuroendocrine tumor, a rare but operable form of pancreatic cancer. Instead of immediately opting for surgery, Jobs chose to alter his pesco-vegetarian diet while weighing Eastern treatment options. For nine months, Jobs postponed surgery, making Apple’s board of directors nervous. Executives feared that shareholders would pull their stock if word got out that their CEO was ill. But in the end, Jobs’ confidentiality took precedence over shareholder disclosure. In 2004, he had a successful surgery to remove the pancreatic tumor. True to form, in subsequent years Jobs disclosed little about his health.

Early in 2009, reports circulated about Jobs’ weight loss, some predicting his health issues had returned, which included a liver transplant. Jobs responded to these concerns by stating he was dealing with a hormone imbalance. Days later, he went on a six-month leave of absence. In an e-mail message to employees, Jobs said his «health-related issues are more complex» than he thought, then named Tim Cook, Apple’s chief operating officer, as “responsible for Apple’s day-today operations.»

After nearly a year out of the spotlight, Steve Jobs delivered a keynote address at an invite-only Apple event on September 9, 2009. He continued to serve as master of ceremonies, which included the unveiling of the iPad, throughout much of 2010. However in January 2011, Jobs announced he was going on medical leave. In August, he resigned as CEO of Apple, handing the reigns to Cook, and in October he passed away.

1. neuroendocrine tumor — нейроэндокринная опухоль
2. precedence — приоритет
3. subsequent — последующий
4. predict — прогноз

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