Open projects in android studio

Managing Projects from Android Studio

In this document

Android Studio provides graphical tools for creating and managing Android projects, which contain everything that define your Android apps, from app source code to build configurations and test code. Each project contains one or more different types of modules, such as application modules, library modules, and test modules.

This guide explains how to create Android projects and different modules using Android Studio. For more information about the Android project structure and module types, read Managing Projects Overview.

Creating an Android Project

Android Studio makes it easy to create Android apps for several form factors, such as phone, tablet, TV, Wear, and Google Glass. The New Project wizard lets you choose the form factors for your app and populates the project structure with everything you need to get started.

Follow the steps in this section to create a project in Android Studio.

Step 1: Create a New Project

If you didn’t have a project opened, Android Studio shows the Welcome screen. To create a new project, click New Project.

If you had a project opened, Android Studio shows the development environment. To create a new project, click File > New Project.

The next window lets you configure the name of your app, the package name, and the location of your project.

Figure 1. Choose a name for your project.

Enter the values for your project then click Next.

Step 2: Select Form Factors and API Level

The next window lets you select the form factors supported by your app, such as phone, tablet, TV, Wear, and Google Glass. The selected form factors become the application modules within the project. For each form factor, you can also select the API Level for that app. To get more information, click Help me choose.

Figure 2. Select the API Level.

The API Level window shows the distribution of mobile devices running each version of Android, as shown in figure 3. Click on an API level to see a list of features introduced in the corresponding version of Android. This helps you choose the minimum API Level that has all the features that your apps needs, so you can reach as many devices as possible. Then click OK.

Figure 3. Choose form factors for your app.

Then, on the Form Factors Window, click Next.

Step 3: Add an Activity

The next screen lets you select an activity type to add to your app, as shown in figure 4. This screen displays a different set of activities for each of the form factors you selected earlier.

Figure 4. Add an activity to your app.

Choose an activity type then click Next.

Note: If you choose «Add No Activity», click Finish to create the project.

Step 4: Configure Your Activity

The next screen lets you configure the activity to add to your app, as shown in figure 5.

Figure 5. Choose a name for your activity.

Enter the activity name, the layout name, and the activity title. Then click Finish.

Step 5: Develop Your App

Android Studio creates the default structure for your project and opens the development environment. If your app supports more than one form factor, Android Studio creates a module folder with complete source files for each of them as shown in figure 6.

Figure 6. The default project structure for a mobile app.

Now you are ready to develop your app. For more information, see the following links:

Creating an Android Module

Android application modules contain the src/main/ , AndroidManifest.xml , build.gradle , build output and other files you need to generate your app’s APK files. Android Studio provides a New Module Wizard that you can use to quickly create a new Android module (or a module from existing code) based on selected application settings, such as minimum SDK level and activity template.

To create a new module, select File > New > Module. Select the desire module type then click Next to enter the basic module settings:

• Enter an Application Name. This name is used as the title of your application launcher icon when it is installed on a device.
• Enter a Module Name. This text is used as the name of the folder where your Java-based activity files are stored.
• Enter a Package Name and Package Location. This class package namespace creates the initial package structure for your applications code files and is added as the package attribute in your application’s Android manifest file. This manifest value serves as the unique identifier for your application app when you distribute it to users. The package name must follow the same rules as packages in the Java programming language.
• Select the Minimum required SDK. This setting indicates the lowest version of the Android platform that your application supports for the selected form factor. This value sets the minSdkVersion attribute in the build.gradle file.

Note: You can manually change the minimum and target SDK for your module at any time: Double-click the module’s build.gradle in the Project Explorer, set the targetSdkVersion and targetSdkVersion in the defaultConfig section.

Select a Target SDK. This setting indicates the highest version of Android with which you have tested with your application and sets the targetSdkVersion attribute in your application’s’ build.gradle file.

Select a Compile With API version. This setting specifies what version of the SDK to compile your project against. We strongly recommend using the most recent version of the API.

Select a Language Level API version. This setting specifies what version of the SDK to compile your project against. We strongly recommend using the most recent version of the API.

Select a Theme. This setting specifies which standard Android visual style is applied to your application. Select activity template. For more information about Android code templates, see Using Code TemplatesLeave the Create activity option checked so you can start your application with some essential components.

Click the check box for the required Support Libraries then click Next.

In the Configure Launcher Icon page, create an icon and options, then click Next.

In the Create Activity page, select activity template then click Next. For more information about Android code templates, see Using Code Templates.

Review the new module settings then click Finish.

The wizard creates a new Android application module according to the options you have chosen.

Setting up a Library Module

A library module is a standard Android module, so you can create a new one in the same way as you would a new application module, using the New Module wizard and selecting Android Library as the module type. The created library module will appear in your project view along with the other modules.

You can easily change an existing application module to a library module by changing the plugin assignment in the build.gradle file to com.android.library.

Adding a dependency on a library module

The library dependency can be declared in the module’s manifest file or in the GameActivity :

To add the dependency declaration to the build file, edit the build file for the app module ( app/build.gradle ) and add a dependency on the lib module:

In this example, the lib module can still be built and tested independently, and the build system creates an AAR package for it that you could reuse in other projects.

Note: The library settings in the app/build.gradle file will override any shared library resources declared in the manifest file.

Referencing a library module

If you are developing an application and want to include the shared code or resources from a library module, you can also do so easily by adding a reference to the library module in the module’s dependency page.

To add a reference to a library module, follow these steps:

1. Make sure that both the module library and the application module that depends on it are in your project. If one of the modules is missing, import it into your project.
2. In the project view, right-click the dependent module and select Open >Module Settings.
3. Right-click the plus icon to add a new dependencies.

If you are adding references to multiple libraries, you can set their relative priority (and merge order) by selecting a library and using the Up and Down controls. The tools merge the referenced libraries with your application starting from lowest priority (bottom of the list) to highest (top of the list). If more than one library defines the same resource ID, the tools select the resource from the library with higher priority. The application itself has highest priority and its resources are always used in preference to identical resource IDs defined in libraries.

Use the Scope drop-down to select how the dependency will be applied.

Click Apply to create the dependency and OK to close the Project Structure window.

Android Studio rebuilds the module, including the contents of the library module the next time the project or module is built.

Declaring library components in the manifest file

In the manifest file of the application module, you must add declarations of all components that the application will use that are imported from a library module. For example, you must declare any , , ,

, and so on, as well as

, , and similar elements.

Declarations should reference the library components by their fully-qualified package names, where appropriate.

For example, the TicTacToeMain example application declares the library activity GameActivity like this:

For more information about the manifest file, see the documentation for AndroidManifest.xml.

Using the Android Project View

The Android project view in Android Studio shows a flattened version of your project’s structure that provides quick access to the key source files of Android projects and helps you work with the new Gradle-based build system. The Android project view:

• Groups the build files for all modules at the top level of the project hierarchy.
• Shows the most important source directories at the top level of the module hierarchy.
• Groups all the manifest files for each module.
• Shows resource files from all Gradle source sets.
• Groups resource files for different locales, orientations, and screen types in a single group per resource type.

Use the Android Project View

The Android project view is enabled by default and shows all the build files at the top level of the project hierarchy under Gradle Scripts. The project module appears as a folder at the top level of the project hierarchy and contains these three elements at the top level:

• manifests/ — Manifest files for the module.
• java/ — Source files for the module.
• res/ — Resource files for the module.

Notice how the Android project view groups all instances of the ic_launcher.png resource for different screen densities under the same element.

Note: The Android project view shows a hierarchy that helps you work with Android projects by providing a flattened structure that highlights the most commonly used files while developing Android applications. However, the project structure on disk differs from this representation and maintains the traditional project structure.

Figure 10: Android and Traditional project view

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How to open another project in android studio

I am new to Android Studio. I have two android projects. I able to open project without error and both are working correctly. I checked other links as (How to open existing android project(build.gradle) into android studio ), but no question related to me.

Problem is when I try to open another project via «Open» or «Reopen Project», its nothing ask and simply close first one and re-open new one.

I tried 2 — 3 times, but the same thing happened. My question is how to open 2 projects simultaneously, so I can compare the files to understand project(s).

Updated 1 :- I do not see option «Appearance & Behavior» in My Android Studio. Something I missing?

Update 2 on 31 dec :- When I click on «Check for update», a popup comes as below image of version Stable Channel 1.5.1 (I checked with «Help» -> «About» too and Automatic update too) and when I click download option, it goes to Canary version and suggest to download zip.

I do not understand which version I download. Is there any setting which update automatically ( I tick automatic stable version option as below image, but not automatically update) rather than manual activity of zip download?

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Android Studio and IntelliJ

Installation and setup

Follow the Set up an editor instructions to install the Dart and Flutter plugins.

Updating the plugins

Updates to the plugins are shipped on a regular basis. You should be prompted in the IDE when an update is available.

To check for updates manually:

1. Open preferences (Android Studio > Check for Updates on macOS, Help > Check for Updates on Linux).
2. If dart or flutter are listed, update them.

Creating projects

You can create a new project in one of several ways.

Creating a new project

To create a new Flutter project from the Flutter starter app template:

1. In the IDE, click New Project from the Welcome window or File > New > Project from the main IDE window.
2. Specify the Flutter SDK path and click Next.
3. Enter your desired Project name, Description and Project location.
4. If you might publish this app, set the company domain.
5. Click Finish.

Setting the company domain

When creating a new app, some Flutter IDE plugins ask for an organization name in reverse domain order, something like com.example . Along with the name of the app, this is used as the package name for Android, and the Bundle ID for iOS when the app is released. If you think you might ever release this app, it is better to specify these now. They cannot be changed once the app is released. Your organization name should be unique.

Creating a new project from existing source code

To create a new Flutter project containing existing Flutter source code files:

In the IDE, click Create New Project from the Welcome window or File > New > Project from the main IDE window.

Important: Do not use the New > Project from existing sources option for Flutter projects.

Select Flutter in the menu, and click Next.

Under Project location enter, or browse to, the directory holding your existing Flutter source code files.

Click Finish.

Editing code and viewing issues

The Flutter plugin performs code analysis that enables the following:

• Syntax highlighting.
• Code completions based on rich type analysis.
• Navigating to type declarations (Navigate > Declaration), and finding type usages (Edit > Find > Find Usages).
• Viewing all current source code problems (View > Tool Windows > Dart Analysis). Any analysis issues are shown in the Dart Analysis pane:
  

Running and debugging

Note: You can debug your app in a few ways.

• Using DevTools, a suite of debugging and profiling tools that run in a browser and include the Flutter inspector. DevTools replaces the previous browser-based profiling tool, Observatory.
• Using Android Studio’s (or IntelliJ’s) built-in debugging features, such as the ability to set breakpoints.
• Using the Flutter inspector, directly available in Android Studio and IntelliJ.

The instructions below describe features available in Android Studio and IntelliJ. For information on launching DevTools, see Running DevTools from Android Studio in the DevTools docs.

Running and debugging are controlled from the main toolbar:

Selecting a target

When a Flutter project is open in the IDE, you should see a set of Flutter-specific buttons on the right-hand side of the toolbar.

Note: If the Run and Debug buttons are disabled, and no targets are listed, Flutter has not been able to discover any connected iOS or Android devices or simulators. You need to connect a device, or start a simulator, to proceed.

1. Locate the Flutter Target Selector drop-down button. This shows a list of available targets.
2. Select the target you want your app to be started on. When you connect devices, or start simulators, additional entries appear.

Run app without breakpoints

1. Click the Play icon in the toolbar, or invoke Run > Run. The bottom Run pane shows logs output.

Run app with breakpoints

1. If desired, set breakpoints in your source code.
2. Click the Debug icon in the toolbar, or invoke Run > Debug.
   • The bottom Debugger pane shows Stack Frames and Variables.
   • The bottom Console pane shows detailed logs output.
   • Debugging is based on a default launch configuration. To customize this, click the drop-down button to the right of the device selector, and select Edit configuration.

Fast edit and refresh development cycle

Flutter offers a best-in-class developer cycle enabling you to see the effect of your changes almost instantly with the Stateful Hot Reload feature. See Hot reload for details.

Show performance data

Note: To examine performance issues in Flutter, see the Timeline view.

To view the performance data, including the widget rebuild information, start the app in Debug mode, and then open the Performance tool window using View > Tool Windows > Flutter Performance.

To see the stats about which widgets are being rebuilt, and how often, click Show widget rebuild information in the Performance pane. The exact count of the rebuilds for this frame displays in the second column from the right. For a high number of rebuilds, a yellow spinning circle displays. The column to the far right shows how many times a widget was rebuilt since entering the current screen. For widgets that aren’t rebuilt, a solid grey circle displays. Otherwise, a grey spinning circle displays.

The app shown in this screenshot has been designed to deliver poor performance, and the rebuild profiler gives you a clue about what is happening in the frame that might cause poor performance. The widget rebuild profiler is not a diagnostic tool, by itself, about poor performance.

The purpose of this feature is to make you aware when widgets are rebuilding—you might not realize that this is happening when just looking at the code. If widgets are rebuilding that you didn’t expect, it’s probably a sign that you should refactor your code by splitting up large build methods into multiple widgets.

This tool can help you debug at least four common performance issues:

The whole screen (or large pieces of it) are built by a single StatefulWidget, causing unnecessary UI building. Split up the UI into smaller widgets with smaller build() functions.

Offscreen widgets are being rebuilt. This can happen, for example, when a ListView is nested in a tall Column that extends offscreen. Or when the RepaintBoundary is not set for a list that extends offscreen, causing the whole list to be redrawn.

The build() function for an AnimatedBuilder draws a subtree that does not need to be animated, causing unnecessary rebuilds of static objects.

An Opacity widget is placed unnecessarily high in the widget tree. Or, an Opacity animation is created by directly manipulating the opacity property of the Opacity widget, causing the widget itself and its subtree to rebuild.

You can click on a line in the table to navigate to the line in the source where the widget is created. As the code runs, the spinning icons also display in the code pane to help you visualize which rebuilds are happening.

Note that numerous rebuilds doesn’t necessarily indicate a problem. Typically you should only worry about excessive rebuilds if you have already run the app in profile mode and verified that the performance is not what you want.

And remember, the widget rebuild information is only available in a debug build. Test the app’s performance on a real device in a profile build, but debug performance issues in a debug build.

Editing tips for Flutter code

If you have additional tips we should share, let us know!

Assists & quick fixes

Assists are code changes related to a certain code identifier. A number of these are available when the cursor is placed on a Flutter widget identifier, as indicated by the yellow lightbulb icon. The assist can be invoked by clicking the lightbulb, or by using the keyboard shortcut ( Alt + Enter on Linux and Windows, Option + Return on macOS), as illustrated here:

Quick Fixes are similar, only they are shown with a piece of code has an error and they can assist in correcting it. They are indicated with a red lightbulb.

Wrap with new widget assist

This can be used when you have a widget that you want to wrap in a surrounding widget, for example if you want to wrap a widget in a Row or Column .

Wrap widget list with new widget assist

Similar to the assist above, but for wrapping an existing list of widgets rather than an individual widget.

Convert child to children assist

Changes a child argument to a children argument, and wraps the argument value in a list.

Live templates

Live templates can be used to speed up entering typical code structures. They are invoked by typing their prefix, and then selecting it in the code completion window:

The Flutter plugin includes the following templates:

• Prefix stless : Create a new subclass of StatelessWidget .
• Prefix stful : Create a new subclass of StatefulWidget and its associated State subclass.
• Prefix stanim : Create a new subclass of StatefulWidget and its associated State subclass, including a field initialized with an AnimationController .

You can also define custom templates in Settings > Editor > Live Templates.

Keyboard shortcuts

Hot reload

On Linux (keymap Default for XWin) and Windows the keyboard shortcuts are Control + Alt + ; and Control + Backslash .

On macOS (keymap Mac OS X 10.5+ copy) the keyboard shortcuts are Command + Option and Command + Backslash .

Keyboard mappings can be changed in the IDE Preferences/Settings: Select Keymap, then enter flutter into the search box in the upper right corner. Right click the binding you want to change and Add Keyboard Shortcut.

Hot reload vs. hot restart

Hot reload works by injecting updated source code files into the running Dart VM (Virtual Machine). This includes not only adding new classes, but also adding methods and fields to existing classes, and changing existing functions. A few types of code changes cannot be hot reloaded though:

• Global variable initializers
• Static field initializers
• The main() method of the app

For these changes you can fully restart your application, without having to end your debugging session. To perform a hot restart, don’t click the Stop button, simply re-click the Run button (if in a run session) or Debug button (if in a debug session), or shift-click the ‘hot reload’ button.

Editing Android code in Android Studio with full IDE support

Opening the root directory of a Flutter project doesn’t expose all the Android files to the IDE. Flutter apps contain a subdirectory named android . If you open this subdirectory as its own separate project in Android Studio, the IDE will be able to fully support editing and refactoring all Android files (like Gradle scripts).

If you already have the entire project opened as a Flutter app in Android Studio, there are two equivalent ways to open the Android files on their own for editing in the IDE. Before trying this, make sure that you’re on the latest version of Android Studio and the Flutter plugins.

• In the “project view”, you should see a subdirectory immediately under the root of your flutter app named android . Right click on it, then select Flutter > Open Android module in Android Studio.
• OR, you can open any of the files under the android subdirectory for editing. You should then see a “Flutter commands” banner at the top of the editor with a link labeled Open for Editing in Android Studio. Click that link.

For both options, Android Studio gives you the option to use separate windows or to replace the existing window with the new project when opening a second project. Either option is fine.

If you don’t already have the Flutter project opened in Android studio, you can open the Android files as their own project from the start:

1. Click Open an existing Android Studio Project on the Welcome splash screen, or File > Open if Android Studio is already open.
2. Open the android subdirectory immediately under the flutter app root. For example if the project is called flutter_app , open flutter_app/android .

If you haven’t run your Flutter app yet, you might see Android Studio report a build error when you open the android project. Run flutter pub get in the app’s root directory and rebuild the project by selecting Build > Make to fix it.

Editing Android code in IntelliJ IDEA

To enable editing of Android code in IntelliJ IDEA, you need to configure the location of the Android SDK:

1. In Preferences > Plugins, enable Android Support if you haven’t already.
2. Right-click the android folder in the Project view, and select Open Module Settings.
3. In the Sources tab, locate the Language level field, and select level 8 or later.
4. In the Dependencies tab, locate the Module SDK field, and select an Android SDK. If no SDK is listed, click New and specify the location of the Android SDK. Make sure to select an Android SDK matching the one used by Flutter (as reported by flutter doctor ).
5. Click OK.

Tips and tricks

Troubleshooting

Known issues and feedback

Important known issues that might impact your experience are documented in the Flutter plugin README file.

All known bugs are tracked in the issue trackers:

We welcome feedback, both on bugs/issues and feature requests. Prior to filing new issues:

• Do a quick search in the issue trackers to see if the issue is already tracked.
• Make sure you have updated to the most recent version of the plugin.

When filing new issues, include the output of flutter doctor .

Except as otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, and code samples are licensed under the BSD License.

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