Ripple effect in Android
What is Ripple?
Ripple is a small wave like pattern, generally formed on the surface of some liquid when you drop something on it.
What is Ripple effect in Android?
Ripple effect provides an instantaneous visual confirmation at the point of contact when users interact with UI elements.
These UI elements could be any of the View elements.
Like – Layouts, Buttons, TextViews, ListViews, etc.
Whenever the user clicks or touches any UI element like, a button, it is desirable to provide some kind of visual confirmation, so that the user knows that their touch or click was successful. Responsive interaction encourages deeper exploration of an app by creating timely, logical, and delightful screen reactions to the user input. However, this interaction should not be distracting to the user. Traditionally in Android, this has been handled using state list drawables to provide different colored or shaded drawables which indicate that a control is in touched or pressed state. With the Android Lollipop, a new touch feedback mechanism was introduced to provide this touch feedback and is loosely based on the concept of ripples on the card metaphor which features strongly in Material design. These ripples are actually really easy to implement.
When was it introduced?
In the android development ecosystem, it was added in Android 5.0: API 21(LOLLIPOP). So, it does not work on pre-lollipop devices. However, we have external libraries which can be used to give the same effect. Links for the same are provided at the end of the blog.
Class hierarchy followed is :
[sourcecode language=”java”]
java.lang.Object
↳android.graphics.drawable.Drawable
↳android.graphics.drawable.LayerDrawable
↳android.graphics.drawable.RippleDrawable
[/sourcecode]
How to achieve Ripple effect?
It can be achieved in 2 ways :
(a) Programmatically – by using RippleDrawable class.
(b) By XML – by using Drawable XML that shows a ripple effect in response to state changes of the View.
In order to understand how the ripple is drawn it would be nice to slow the animation down. The ripple animation runs slower when we perform a long press, so we can use that to see exactly what’s happening.
Programmatically
Our respective class will implement View.OnTouchListener interface.
It will provide us : public abstract boolean onTouch (View v, MotionEvent event) callback.
This is called, when a touch event is dispatched to a view.
Here, v : The view, the touch event has been dispatched to.
event : The MotionEvent object containing full information about the event.
This method returns True if the listener has consumed the event, False otherwise.
The anchoring position of the ripple for a given state is specified by calling setHotspot(float, float) with the corresponding state attribute identifier.
[sourcecode language=”java”]
private RippleDrawable rippleDrawable;
private Button buttonWithRipple;
buttonWithRipple = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonWithRipple);
rippleDrawable = (RippleDrawable) buttonWithRipple.getBackground();
buttonWithRipple.setOnTouchListener(this);
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) <
switch (v.getId()) <
case R.id.buttonWithRipple :
rippleDrawable.setHotspot(event.getX(), event.getY());
rippleDrawable.setColor(ColorStateList.valueOf(getResources().getColor(R.color.red)));
break; >
return false;
>
[/sourcecode]
Here, event.getX() & event.getY() gives us current pointer coordinates. And then, we set our required color to the rippledrawable object.
By XML
Setting DEFAULT Ripple effect on Android 5.0: API 21(LOLLIPOP) devices :
- If you want to apply the Standard ripple effect on Android 5.0: API 21 or more, which should be limited to your view (bounded ripple), just apply to your View background :
[sourcecode language=”java”]
android:background=»?android:attr/selectableItemBackground»
[/sourcecode]
This background attribute value :
will provide default ripple effect, which will constrain the animation, within the View that’s handling the touch event.
- If you want to apply the standard ripple effect on Android 5.0: API 21 or more, which should not be limited to your view (unbounded ripple), just apply to your View background :
[sourcecode language=”java”]
android:background=»?android:attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless»[/sourcecode]
This background attribute value :
[sourcecode language=”java”] selectableItemBackgroundBorderless[/sourcecode]
will provide default ripple effect, which will extend the animation beyond the bounds of its View that’s handling the touch event. It will be bounded by the nearest parent of the view with a non-null background.
Standard bounded Ripple Effect Standard Unbounded Ripple Effect
Setting CUSTOMISED Ripple effect on Android 5.0: API 21(LOLLIPOP) devices :
We create a touch feedback drawable that shows a ripple effect in response to state changes, using the ripple as root element.
This drawable may contain 0 or more child layers, including a special mask layer that is not drawn to the screen.
Attributes are as under :
- android:color – the color to use for ripple effects.
1. Must be a color value, in the form of “#rgb”, “#argb”, “#rrggbb”, or “#aarrggbb”.
2. This may also be a reference to a resource (in the form “@[package:]type:name”) or theme attribute (in the form “?[package:][type:]name”) containing a value of this type. This corresponds to the global attribute resource symbol color.
- android:radius – radius of the ripple when fully expanded.
1. Default value is computed based on the size of the ripple’s container.
2. Must be a dimension value, which is a floating point number appended with a unit (like : px, dp, sp, in, mm).
3. This may also be a reference to a resource (in the form “@[package:]type:name”) or theme attribute (in the form “?[package:] [type:]name”) containing a value of this type. This corresponds to the global attribute resource symbol radius.
USAGE :
Set this drawable as the background to your view :
- Drawable with only a mask layer and no child layer
If a mask layer is set and the ripple is set as a View background, the ripple effect will be masked against that layer.
- Drawable with a child layer and a mask layer
If a mask layer is set and the ripple is set as a View background, the ripple effect will be masked against that layer before it is drawn over the composite of the remaining child layers (if they exist).
Here, background color of button is changed by setting the child layer in the Ripple drawable XML.
- Drawable with no mask layer or child layer
If no child or mask layer is specified and the ripple is set as a View background, the ripple will be drawn atop the first available parent background within the View’s hierarchy.
Drawable with only a mask Drawable with a mask Drawable with no mask or
layer and no child layer layer and a child layer child layer
Below are the references to various libraries which can be used to apply Ripple Effect on Pre-Lollipop devices :
- https://github.com/siriscac/RippleView.git
- https://github.com/balysv/material-ripple.git
- https://github.com/traex/RippleEffect.git
- https://android-arsenal.com/tag/167
Thanks to Google for its Material Design 🙂
Источник
How to set a ripple effect on textview or imageview on Android?
I want to set a ripple effect on textview and imageview in Android Studio. How can I do it?
15 Answers 15
If you want the ripple to be bounded to the size of the TextView/ImageView use:
(I think it looks better)
Please refer below answer for ripple effect.
ripple on Textview or view :
ripple on Button or Imageview :
Add android:clickable=»true» android:focusable=»true»
For Ripple Effect
For Selectable Effect
For Button effect
Add this into drawable
Start Effect
Stop animation:
for circle ripple : android:background=»?attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless»
for rectangle ripple : android:background=»?attr/selectableItemBackground»
In the case of the well voted solution posted by @Bikesh M Annur (here) doesn’t work to you, try using:
Also, when using android:clickable=»true» add android:focusable=»true» because:
«A widget that is declared to be clickable but not declared to be focusable is not accessible via the keyboard.«
Источник
Ripple effect on Android Lollipop CardView
I’m trying to get a CardView to display the ripple effect when touched by setting the android:backgound attribute in the activity XML file as described here on the Android Developers page, but it isn’t working. No animation at all, but the method in onClick is called. I’ve also tried creating a ripple.xml file as suggested here, but same result.
The CardView as it appears in the activity’s XML file:
I’m relatively new to android development, so I might have made a few obvious mistakes.
14 Answers 14
You should add following to CardView :
Add these two line code into your xml view to give ripple effect on your cardView.
I managed to get the ripple effect on the cardview by :
and for the custom_bg that you can see in above code, you have to define a xml file for both lollipop(in drawable-v21 package) and pre-lollipop(in drawable package) devices. for custom_bg in drawable-v21 package the code is:
for custom_bg in the drawable package, code is:
so on pre-lollipop devices you will have a solid click effect and on lollipop devices you will have a ripple effect on the cardview.
The ripple effect was omitted in the appcompat support library which is what you’re using. If you want to see the ripple use the Android L version and test it on an Android L device. Per the AppCompat v7 site:
«Why are there no ripples on pre-Lollipop? A lot of what allows RippleDrawable to run smoothly is Android 5.0’s new RenderThread. To optimize for performance on previous versions of Android, we’ve left RippleDrawable out for now.»
Check out this link here for more info
If the app minSdkVersion which you are working is level 9, you can use:
Instead, starting from level 11, you use:
clickable — Defines whether this view reacts to click events. Must be a boolean value, either «true» or «false».
foreground — Defines the drawable to draw over the content. This can be used as an overlay. The foreground drawable participates in the padding of the content if the gravity is set to fill.
Use Material Cardview instead, it extends Cardview and provides multiple new features including default clickable effect :
Dependency (It can be used up to API 14 to support older device):
For me, adding the foreground to CardView didn’t work (reason unknown :/)
Adding the same to it’s child layout did the trick.
CODE:
Add these two like of code work like a charm for any view like Button, Linear Layout, or CardView Just put these two lines and see the magic.
If there is a root layout like RelativeLayout or LinearLayout which contain all of the adapter item’s component in CardView, you have to set background attribute in that root layout. like:
For those searching for a solution to the issue of the ripple effect not working on a programmatically created CardView (or in my case custom view which extends CardView) being shown in a RecyclerView, the following worked for me. Basically declaring the XML attributes mentioned in the other answers declaratively in the XML layout file doesn’t seem to work for a programmatically created CardView, or one created from a custom layout (even if root view is CardView or merge element is used), so they have to be set programmatically like so:
Where MadeupCardView extends CardView Kudos to this answer for the TypedArray part.
Источник
