Switch xml java android

September 19, 2017

This post shows how to use android switch button, apply material styles, create custom styles, create custom switch button and how to handle switch button click events.

Android Switch XML Element

Android Switch Properties

Some of the important switch properties are textAppearance, textColor, track, thumb, switchTextAppearance, textOn, testOff, background, and showText.

Property thumb is used to set a drawable that switches back and forth, property track is used for setting a drawable as track for switch thumb, textOn and textOff are used to set text to be displayed when switch is in on or off state, textswitchTextAppearance is used to set style for switch text, and showText is used to indicate whether to show switch text or not.

Android Switch Material Style

Android system provides many material themes. When application level theme is set to one of the material themes, android switch will be displayed applying default switch material theme of the application theme used in the application. Below screen shot shows switch button in both on and off states when application theme is set to Theme.AppCompat.

Android Switch Button Custom Style Application Level

Application level themes can be customized by setting properties to custom values. If you customize properties related to UI controls, the changes will be applied to all UI controls and throughout the application. To change switch text color and switch button color, you need to set textColorPrimaryDisableOnly and colorAccent properties to custom values.

Below theme is an example of custom application theme added to res/values/styles.xml file. You can apply it to an application by setting theme attribute of application element in mainifest xml file.

Below screen shot shows switch button after application theme is set to custom material theme defined above.

Android Switch Custom Style Individual

If you want to change switch style only in a particular section of your application, then define custom switch widget style by inheriting Widget.AppCompat.CompoundButton.Switch as shown below and apply it to switch elements using theme attribute.

Switch attribute colorControlActivated can be used to set track and thumb color when switch is active and colorForeground can be used to set track color when switch is in normal state.

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You can use thumbTint and trackTint properties to change color of thumb and track. Applying colors to track and thumb using selector xml allows you to apply different colors for different states, see custom switch section.

Android Switch Event Listener

Switch on and off events or switch drag event can be handled in two ways. One way of handling switch click event is by defining a method in your activity or fragment with View as input parameter and setting it as value for onClick attribute of Switch in layout xml as shown below.

Second way of handling switch on/off event is by defining OnCheckedChangeListener and adding it to switch button by using setOnCheckedChangeListener method.

Custom Switch Button

Android switch with custom track

You can customize android switch track by defining a drawable xml resource as shown below. You need to save it in res/drawable folder, our example file name switch_track_custom.xml, and apply it to switch by using track attribute.

Below xml, used as switch_color in the above drawable, is color selector for track. Color is applied based on the state of switch. This file needs to be saved in res/color folder.

Below xml shows applying the custom track drawable to Switch.

Output of custom track of switch.

Android switch with custom thumb

Android switch thumb can be customized by using material icon and defining drawable xml resource.

To do that, first download one of the android material icons which you want to use in your application or use any other image you may have and save it in res/drawable folder.

Then define drawable xml resource as shown below in res/drawable folder, our example file name is switch_thumb_custom.xml. This xml uses the above downloaded icon, defines shape and sets colors. To apply this to a switch, set its thumb attribute to the drawable xml.

In the above xml switchTrackNormal and switchThumbBgActive are colors defined in res/values/colors.xml

Below color selector xml saved as switch_color.xml is used in the custom thumb drawable xml defined above.

Below switch element in layout xml uses above custom switch thumb and switch track.

With switch button track customization explained from above section and switch button thumb customization explained in this section, the custom switch button will appear as shown below in normal and active states.

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How to make Custom Switch in Android?

Hello World, Today we are going to make a custom switch. Why? Because the default one looks so boring and ugly. Why we use a switch? As the name suggests, the switch is used to trigger the value either it is on, or it is off. Let’s see, how our custom switch will look at the end of the tutorial.

In the above gif, there are 3 switches. The First one is the default one and the second and third are our custom switches. To make these custom switches we need to follow certain steps are as follows:

Step 1. Add Switch to Activity Layout

First. we need to add the switch to our layout XML file. We will add SwitchCompat to the layout.

Look at the below code for better understanding.

In the above code, things to be noticed are app:track and android:thumb attributes.

The track is the horizontal container where our thumb or round shape view is placed and the thumb is, as I told you before, is the round shape where we will add an image on top of it.

Step 2. Make Custom Track for Switch

To make our custom track we need to make a drawable file and set the root element as a selector. So click on the drawable folder and make a new file and name it as track.

In our track.xml we write this code for making the custom track.

In the above code, we made two items in the selector where the first item represents the state when the switch is off or not checked and the second item represents the state when the switch is on or checked.

In the first item, we made a shape of a rectangle and fill white color with having corner radius with a grey color stroke or outline and in the second item the only difference is filled color will be our accent color and stroke will be removed but the corner radius will be the same.

Now let’s make our thumb part where we will add images on the thumb.

Step 3. Make Custom Thumb with Image.

To make custom thumb for the switch, create a drawable file in a drawable folder and name it as the thumb.

In our thumb.xml file, we will write the below code.

as track.xml here we also have the root element as a selector and have the same item tags but this time we set drawable in the attribute. These drawable are our drawable file where we will add images. Let’s add our vector icons to use in thumb drawable.

Add images for thumb

Right-click on drawable then click on new then select vector assets and then choose your icon from clip art. for demo purpose we are selecting notification on and off icon.

After adding the icons, we need to make drawable files for custom thumb off and one for the thumb on which will be add in thumb.xml as drawable.

Let’s make the first file in the drawable for thumb off and set an image to the thumb. Check the below code.

If you noticed, we are using the layer-list as the root element and in the child, we have 2 items.

The first item is our oval (round) shape of the thumb with the size and background color and the second item is our image drawable with 12dp padding from the top, bottom, left, and right.

So this was for when the switch is off our custom thumb will look like this now its turn for thumb true when the switch is on.

Create a new file with the name switch_thumb_true and the code will be like below.

Like thumb false, this code is similar to it but the differences are we added the stroke to the round shape and of course change the image drawable.

Now we have made the all necessary files now its time to run our app and your custom switch is ready. Tada.

This switch is our middle one if you want to make track height small then you need to do some extra work. Keep reading.

How to make track height smaller than the thumb.

To read further article check here: Custom Switch in Android

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Android Switch (ON / OFF) Button with Examples

In android, Switch is a two-state user interface element that is used to display ON (Checked) or OFF (Unchecked) states as a button with thumb slider. By using thumb, the user may drag back and forth to choose an option either ON or OFF.

The Switch element is useful for the users to change the settings between two states either ON or OFF. We can add a Switch to our application layout by using Switch object.

Following is the pictorial representation of using Switch in android applications.

By default, the android Switch will be in the OFF (Unchecked) state. We can change the default state of Switch by using android:checked attribute.

In case, if we want to change the state of Switch to ON (Checked), then we need to set android:checked = “true” in our XML layout file.

In android, we can create Switch control in two ways either in the XML layout file or create it in the Activity file programmatically.

Create Switch in XML Layout File

Following is the sample way to define Switch control in XML layout file in the android application.

If you observe above code snippet, here we defined Switch control and setting Switch state ON using android:checked attribute and textOff / textOn attributes are used to set the text to represent Switch state in xml layout file.

Create Switch Control in Activity File

In android, we can create Switch control programmatically in activity file based on our requirements.

Following is the example of creating Switch control dynamically in an activity file.

RelativeLayout layout = (RelativeLayout)findViewById(R.id. r_layout );
Switch sb = new Switch( this );
sb.setTextOff( «OFF» );
sb.setTextOn( «ON» );
sb.setChecked( true );
layout.addView(sb);

This is how we can define Switch in XML layout file or programmatically in activity file based on our requirements.

Handle Switch Click Events

Generally, whenever the user clicks on Switch, we can detect whether the Switch is in ON or OFF state and we can handle the Switch click event in activity file using setOnCheckedChangeListener like as shown below.

Switch sw = (Switch) findViewById(R.id.switch1);
sw.setOnCheckedChangeListener( new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() <
public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) <
if (isChecked) <
// The toggle is enabled
> else <
// The toggle is disabled
>
>
>);

This is how we can handle Switch click events in android applications based on our requirements.

Android Switch Control Attributes

Following are the some of commonly used attributes related to Switch control in android applications.

Attribute	Description
android:id	It is used to uniquely identify the control
android:checked	It is used to specify the current state of switch control
android:gravity	It is used to specify how to align the text like left, right, center, top, etc.
android:text	It is used to set the text.
android:textOn	It is used to set the text when the toggle button is in the ON / Checked state.
android:textOff	It is used to set the text when toggle button is in OFF / Unchecked state.
android:textColor	It is used to change the color of the text.
android:textSize	It is used to specify the size of the text.
android:textStyle	It is used to change the style (bold, italic, bolditalic) of text.
android:background	It is used to set the background color for toggle button control.
android:padding	It is used to set the padding from left, right, top and bottom.
android:drawableBottom	It’s a drawable to be drawn to the below of text.
android:drawableRight	It’s a drawable to be drawn to the right of the text.
android:drawableLeft	It’s drawable to be drawn to the left of the text.

Android Switch Control Example

Following is the example of defining a two Switch controls and one Button control in RelativeLayout to get the state of Switch controls when we click on Button control in the android application.

Create a new android application using android studio and give names as SwitchExample. In case if you are not aware of creating an app in android studio check this article Android Hello World App.

Now open an activity_main.xml file from \res\layout path and write the code like as shown below

activity_main.xml

xml version= «1.0» encoding= «utf-8» ?>
RelativeLayout xmlns: android = «http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android»
android :layout_width= «match_parent» android :layout_height= «match_parent» >
Switch
android :id= «@+id/switch1»
android :layout_width= «wrap_content»
android :layout_height= «wrap_content»
android :switchMinWidth= «56dp»
android :layout_marginLeft= «100dp»
android :layout_marginTop= «120dp»
android :text= «Switch1:»
android :checked= «true»
android :textOff= «OFF»
android :textOn= «ON»/>
Switch
android :id= «@+id/switch2»
android :layout_width= «wrap_content»
android :layout_height= «wrap_content»
android :switchMinWidth= «56dp»
android :layout_below= «@+id/switch1»
android :layout_alignLeft= «@+id/switch1»
android :text= «Switch2:»
android :textOff= «OFF»
android :textOn = «ON»/>
Button
android :id= «@+id/getBtn»
android :layout_width= «wrap_content»
android :layout_height= «wrap_content»
android :layout_marginLeft= «150dp»
android :layout_marginTop= «200dp»
android :text= «Get»/>
RelativeLayout >

If you observe above code we defined a two Switch controls and one Button control in RelativeLayout to get the state of Switch controls when we click on Button control in XML layout file.

Once we are done with the creation of layout with required controls, we need to load the XML layout resource from our activity onCreate() callback method, for that open main activity file MainActivity.java from \java\com.tutlane.switchexample path and write the code like as shown below.

MainActivity.java

package com.tutlane.switchexample;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Switch;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity <
private Switch sw1 , sw2 ;
private Button btnGet ;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) <
super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout. activity_main );
sw1 = (Switch)findViewById(R.id. switch1 );
sw2 = (Switch)findViewById(R.id. switch2 );
btnGet = (Button)findViewById(R.id. getBtn );
btnGet .setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() <
@Override
public void onClick(View v) <
String str1, str2;
if ( sw1 .isChecked())
str1 = sw1 .getTextOn().toString();
else
str1 = sw1 .getTextOff().toString();
if ( sw2 .isChecked())
str2 = sw2 .getTextOn().toString();
else
str2 = sw2 .getTextOff().toString();
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), «Switch1 — » + str1 + » \n » + «Switch2 — » + str2,Toast. LENGTH_SHORT ).show();
>
>);
>
>

If you observe above code we are calling our layout using setContentView method in the form of R.layout.layout_file_name in our activity file. Here our xml file name is activity_main.xml so we used file name activity_main and we are trying to get the state of two Switch controls on Button click.

Generally, during the launch of our activity, the onCreate() callback method will be called by the android framework to get the required layout for an activity.

Output of Android Switch Example

When we run the above example using an android virtual device (AVD) we will get a result like as shown below.

This is how we can use Switch control in android applications to switch the settings between two states either ON or OFF based on our requirements.

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