Testing the android application

Android — Testing

The Android framework includes an integrated testing framework that helps you test all aspects of your application and the SDK tools include tools for setting up and running test applications. Whether you are working in Eclipse with ADT or working from the command line, the SDK tools help you set up and run your tests within an emulator or the device you are targeting.

Test Structure

Android’s build and test tools assume that test projects are organized into a standard structure of tests, test case classes, test packages, and test projects.

Testing Tools in android

There are many tools that can be used for testing android applications. Some are official like Junit,Monkey and some are third party tools that can be used to test android applications. In this chapter we are going to explain these two tools to test android applications.

JUnit

You can use the JUnit TestCase class to do unit testing on a class that doesn’t call Android APIs. TestCase is also the base class for AndroidTestCase, which you can use to test Android-dependent objects. Besides providing the JUnit framework, AndroidTestCase offers Android-specific setup, teardown, and helper methods.

In order to use TestCase, extend your class with TestCase class and implement a method call setUp(). Its syntax is given below −

For each test implement a method which interacts with the fixture. Verify the expected results with assertions specified by calling assertTrue(String, boolean) with a boolean.

The assert methods compare values you expect from a test to the actual results and throw an exception if the comparison fails.

Once the methods are defined you can run them. Its syntax is given below −

Monkey

The UI/Application Exerciser Monkey, usually called «monkey», is a command-line tool that sends pseudo-random streams of keystrokes, touches, and gestures to a device. You run it with the Android Debug Bridge (adb) tool.

You use it to stress-test your application and report back errors that are encountered. You can repeat a stream of events by running the tool each time with the same random number seed.

Monkey features

Monkey has many features, but it can be all be summed up to these four categories.

• Basic configuration options
• Operational constraints
• Event types and frequencies
• Debugging options

Monkey Usage

In order to use monkey, open up a command prompt and just navigate to the following directory.

Once inside the directory, attach your device with the PC , and run the following command.

This command can be broken down into these steps.

• adb — Android Debug Bridge. A tool used to connect and sends commands to your Android phone from a desktop or laptop computer.
• shell — shell is just an interface on the device that translates our commands to system commands.
• monkey — monkey is the testing tool.
• v — v stands for verbose method.
• 500- it is the frequency conut or the number of events to be sent for testing.

This is also shown in the figure −

In the above command, you run the monkey tool on the default android UI application. Now in order to run it to your application , here what you have to do.

finally you will get finish as shown bellow

This has also been shown in the figure below. By typing this command , you are actually generating 500 random events for testing.

Example

The below example demonstrates the use of Testing. It crates a basic application which can be used for monkey.

To experiment with this example, you need to run this on an actual device and then follow the monkey steps explained in the beginning.

Steps	Description
1	You will useAndroid studio to create an Android application under a package com.tutorialspoint.myapplication.
2	Modify src/MainActivity.java file to add Activity code.
3	Modify layouta XML file res/layout/activity_main.xml add any GUI component if required.
4	Create src/second.java file to add Activity code.
5	Modify layout XML file res/layout/view.xml add any GUI component if required.
6	Run the application and choose a running android device and install the application on it and verify the results.

Here is the content of MainActivity.java.

Here is the content of second.java.

Here is the content of activity_main.xml.

In the below code abc indicates the logo of tutorialspoint.com

Here is the content of view.xml

Here is the content of Strings.xml.

Here is the content of AndroidManifest.xml.

Let’s try to run your Android Testing application. I assume you have connected your actual Android Mobile device with your computer. To run the app from Android studio, open one of your project’s activity files and click Run icon from the toolbar. Before starting your application, Android studio will display following window to select an option where you want to run your Android application.

Select your mobile device as an option and then check your mobile device which will display application screen. Now just follow the steps mentioned at the top under the monkey section in order to perform testing on this application.

Источник

10+ Best Mobile Testing Tools for Android & iOS App [Free/Paid]

Updated November 25, 2021

Mobile Testing Tools help you automate testing of your Android and iOS Apps. These Mobile Application testing software can reduce the time needed for the testing process and the chances of human errors during test execution.

Following is a handpicked list of Top mobile automation testing tools , with their popular features and download links. The list contains both open source(free) and commercial(paid) software.

1) Kobiton

Kobiton gives users full control of real mobile devices during manual testing with support for multi-touch gestures, orientation and GPS simulations, camera and speaker control and device connection management. With automatically generated activity logs, Kobiton captures all the actions performed during a testing session so issues can be identified and resolved more quickly. Users can purchase prepaid testing minutes that never expire for just $10.

Benefits:

• The latest real, cloud-based devices and configurations
• Centralized testing history and data logs for increased collaboration
• Internal Device Lab Management to more effectively utilizes internal devices
• Support for Appium 1.6.4
• Simplified user experience to streamline test sessions
• Easy to try with Free Trial – no credit card required

2) TestProject

TestProject is the world’s first free cloud-based, a community-powered test automation platform that enables users to test Web, Android and iOS applications on all operating systems, effortlessly. Easily collaborate with your team using Selenium and Appium to ensure quality with speed. Use advanced built-in recording capabilities, create and use addons (automation actions shared by the entire community), or develop coded tests using TestProject’s powerful SDK, all completely for FREE!

• No complex setups or configurations
• No coding skills required to get started
• Share and reuse addons with your team and the entire community
• Detailed report dashboards
• Seamless integrations with your CI/CD workflow

3) ZAPTEST

ZAPTEST is a Software Automation solution for any organization that uses software for operations or development, who is looking to automate it’s back-office operations or software testing processes and to develop a seamless and revolving automation framework.

Features:

• Functional and Performance Test Automation
• RPA (Robotic Process Automation)
• Seamless Test+RPA Software Automation
• Cross-Platform (Parallel) Execution
• DevOps (Mock-ups) Automation
• API Testing
• Auto-Documentation

4) Perfecto

Perfecto is the industry-leading testing cloud for mobile app testing. Prepare your apps for a mobile-first world. Deliver exceptional digital experiences faster and with confidence with Perfecto.

Features:

• Unmatched coverage across platforms and testing scenarios.
• Smart analytics for faster feedback and fixes.
• Unified cloud platform for web and mobile app testing.
• Robust integrations with test frameworks, CI/CD tools, and IDEs.
• Same-day access to new devices, OSes, and more.
• Enterprise-grade security and scalability.
• Deep technical expertise and support to help you succeed.

5) Katalon Studio

Built on top of Appium and Selenium, Katalon Studio removes the tools’ existing steep learning curve and in turn brings a codeless testing experience to users at all scales and expertise. In addition to supporting Android & IOS platforms, testing across OS (Windows, macOS, and Linux) is also available.

Features:

• Simple setup and effortless test creation using record & playback, keywords, images.
• Execute tests locally and remotely on real devices, simulators, or custom cloud-based devices (Sauces Lab, Kobiton, Perfecto, Lambda Test, etc.)
• Flexible test reusability across mobile platforms, API, and Web.
• Reduce maintenance efforts via built-in integration with commonly used project management tools (Jira, Git, Jenkins, etc.)
• Provide insightful test reports of all testing stages for better monitor and collaboration across teams.

6) Eggplant

Eggplant allows you to conduct end-to-end testing of mobile apps and websites

Features:

• Easily conduct functional and performance tests of your mobile app or website.
• Test everything from the UI to the API layer to the database.
• Automatically hunt for bugs that directed or manual testing may miss.
• Use one set of testing models and assets to test mobile apps across different devices, operating systems, browsers, and screen sizes.
• Instrument your apps and websites to truly understand user behavior and automatically prioritize testing of user journeys on the most used devices.
• Eggplant seamlessly integrates into your CI/CD pipeline.

7) ZeuZ

ZeuZ Automation is an AI-assisted script-less automation framework that testers and developers enjoy using! Equipped with CI/CD integration, Device-Farm(AWS Device Farm, BrowserStack, and others), Trunkey Solution, intelligent debugging, rich reporting, collaboration features, ZeuZ delivers on the promise of true end-to-end automation.

Features:

• Build tests once, and run in parallel across iOS/Android (real/simulator), Cloud, Web, Desktop, API, and IoT.
• No code: single UI covering all technologies in one test case, or thousands with build-in program logic
• All-in-one: manage and run manual + automated, functional, regression, UI, performance, data-driven tests, Rich reporting/Notification, JIRA Integration, and many more.
• AI-powered object identification, build-in waiting mechanisms
• Advanced debugging (drill down, intelligent issue grouping, step testing)
• API and extendible with custom actions and scripts (Selenium, Appium, etc.)

8) testRigor

testRigor helps you to directly express tests as executable specifications in plain English. Users of all technical abilities are able to build end-to-end tests of any complexity covering mobile, web, and API steps in one test. Test steps are expressed on the end-user level instead of relying on details of implementation like XPaths or CSS Selectors.

Features:

• Free forever public version
• Test cases are in English
• Unlimited users & Unlimited tests
• The easiest way to learn automation
• Recorder for web steps
• Integrations with CI/CD and Test case management
• Email & SMS testing
• Web + Mobile + API steps in one test

9) Apptim

Apptim empowers mobile developers and testers to easily test their apps and analyze their performance in each build to prevent critical issues from going live. Measure app render times, power consumption, resource usage, capture crashes, errors, and more on Android and iOS devices.

• Android and iOS compatible
• Easily troubleshoot app crashes and exceptions
• Compare app performance of two different builds to find out what changed and identify potential new performance issues
• Integrates with JIRA out of the box and your workflow
• Free to use
• Get your first results in just 5 minutes

10) Appium (iOS/Android Testing Tool)

Appium is an open source, and a cross platform Mobile Testing Tool for the hybrid and native iOS, it supports Android versions from 2.3 onwards. Appium works like a server running in the background like selenium server.

This mobile automation testing tool supports many programming languages, such as Java, Ruby, C# and other which are in the WebDriver library. Appium utilizes WebDriver interface for tests running

Appium automates Android using the UIAutomator library, which is given by Google as part of the Android SDK. On mobile devices, it can control Safari and Chrome. It can be synchronized with testing framework TestNG. In this case, UI Automator can produce informative and detailed reports, similar to reports generated by Ranorex

Appium Benefits

• Due to the use of standard mobile automation APIs on all platforms, you don’t have to modify or recompile your app in any way
• You can use any web-driver compatible language (Java, Objective-C, JavaScript) to write test case
• You can use any testing framework
• Easy to setup on a different platform
• Appium mobile automation testing tool Supports various languages like Ruby, Java, PHP, Node, Python
• It does not require anything to be installed on the device
• You can still use Selenium Webdriver JSON wire protocol
• You don’t have to re-compile mobile app on a different platform
• With the help of Java, it can be integrated with other tools

11) Selendroid

Selendroid is a test automation framework that drives off the UI of Android native and hybrid applications (apps) and the mobile web. Using the Selenium 2 client API tests are written.

Benefits of Selendroid

• This mobile testing tool is fully compatible with JSON wire protocol
• No alteration of app under test is needed to automate it
• Same concept for automating native or hybrid apps
• By different locator types, UI elements can be found
• It can interact with multiple Android devices at the same time
• Selendroid supports hot plugging of hardware devices
• By different locator types, UI elements can be found

Selendroid comes with a useful tool known as Selenium Inspector. Selendroid mobile testing tool allows you to inspect the current state of your app’s UI.

12) MonkeyRunner

Monkeyrunner tool provides an API for writing programs that control an Android device or emulator from outside of Android code. This tool comes after robotium in respect to performance. The tests are written in Python, for creating tests one may use a recording tool.

The only set-backs of MonkeyRunner is that it is necessary to write scripts for each device and the tests require adjustments each time when user interface of the tested program is changed.

Benefits of MonkeyRunner

• Monkeyrunner mobile automation testing tool can control multiple devices
• In order to automate tests, one does not have to deal with the source code
• This mobile app testing tool can be used for Automated functional testing
• Monkeyrunner can be used for regression testing as well
• Jython allows MonkeyRunner API to interact with the Android application

13) Calabash

Calabash consists of libraries that allow test-code to programmatically interact with native and hybrid apps.

• This mobile app testing tool provides APIs that are specialized to native apps running on touch screen devices
• It consists of libraries that allow test-code to programmatically interact with native and hybrid apps
• It supports framework cucumber, which makes it easier to understand by business experts and non-technical QA staff

14) KIF

KIF mobile app testing tool is objective C based framework and is purely for iOS automated testing. Kif is an mobile automation framework which integrates directly with XCTests. It can be used when business folk are not involved in writing or reading test specs.

• This mobile application testing tool has got active community and good support
• This mobile app testing tool integrates seamlessly with XCTests and KIF comes with an “KIFtestCase” which you can use in place of “XCTTestCase”
• KIF accesses UI elements by their accessibility labels
• Everything is in one language Objective C, so it is easier for pure iOS developer’s to pickup
• It has got impressive command line and CI
• It has pretty reasonable support for gestures

15) Testdroid

Testdroid is a cloud-based mobile application testing tool that helps developers to save costs behind app development, speed up time to market the product and reduce operational and unpredictable costs. It is the fastest way to test your application against various real Android and iOS devices with different HW platforms, screen resolutions, and OS versions. The price range varies from $499- $4999/ month as per requirement. It is one of the solid mobile game testing platforms for Android and iOS games. It allows remote manual access to over 300 real devices running Android before an app is launched.

Benefits of Testdroid

• This mobile application testing tool saves in App development costs
• This mobile app testing tool minimizes the risks with real devices and agile testing
• Reduce operational and unpredictable costs
• This mobile application testing tool Improve app rating and daily active users

🏅 Which factors should you consider while selecting a Mobile automation tool?

You should consider the following factors before selecting a tool

• Desired Platform Support: Android or iOS
• License Cost if applicable
• In case of an outsourcing project, you need to factor customer/Client Preference of the mobile tool
• The cost involved in training employees on tool
• Hardware/Software requirements of the tool
• Support and Update policy of the mobile automation tool vendor.

✅ Which are the Best Mobile Testing Tools?

Here are some of the Best Mobile Testing Tools:

• Kobiton
• TestProject
• ZAPTEST
• Perfecto
• Katalon Studio
• Eggplant
• ZeuZ
• testRigor

💻 How to select the best Mobile App Automation Tool?

Here, is a simple process to determine the best mobile automation tool for your project needs

• This mobile automation tool Identify the tests that need to be automated
• Research and analyze the automation tools that meet your automation needs
• Do a pilot for two best tools as per your requirements and budget.
• Based on results of pilot, shortlist 1 tool
• Discuss the chosen automation tools with other stakeholders, explain the choice, and get their approval
• This mobile automation tool Proceed to test automation

There is no best mobile testing tools in the market. You need to find the best tool for your mobile test automation project goals.

❓ Why choosing the correct mobile tool is important?

There are many Mobile Testing tools available. Some of them are free while some are expensive. Some of these automation tools were created long ago, while some have just made it into the market. Each tool is unique and possesses specific characteristics.

A broad range of automation tools makes it difficult to select the best one for a project, and often tester’s end up with tools that do not conform to project requirements. Hence, choosing the right tool for your project is very important.

Источник